What are the benefits and challenges of using renewable energy sources in buildings?

Buildings located near rivers or streams with a consistent flow of water can use micro hydropower systems to generate electricity. These systems use the kinetic energy of flowing water to turn turbines. Geothermal heat pumps utilize the stable temperature of the ground or groundwater to provide heating and cooling for buildings. They are highly efficient and can significantly reduce heating and cooling costs. Buildings located along coastlines with strong tidal currents may use tidal stream generators to harness the kinetic energy of moving water. Energy storage systems such as batteries can be integrated with renewable systems to store excess energy for use during periods of low renewable resource availability.

Geothermal energy that uses energy from heat source inside the earth to another form of energy, also biomass energy to convert energy stored in organic material to another form. the most famous forms are solar energy in form of PV photovoltaic lightings or columns and sola parabolic trough power plant and solar chimney to convery heat soted in molten salt into electricity.

We live in a neighborhood amidst a myriad of emerging entertaining centers at every corner. At a larger scale, undoubtedly renewable energy sources of various forms can be applied from the planning base and executing at the operational level. Not only does it support greener environment but also be marketed as a motivation for the visitors to plunge and use it in a minor scale. This viewpoint could be warmly extended to public & private offices, educational & other sectors as well.

Renewable energy enhances green building and energy consumption, it reduces carbon emissions and GHG and protects Ozone layer. Renewable sources lwer energy costs and increase life cycle of products.

Many governments offer incentives, tax credits, and rebates for installing renewable energy systems, making them more financially attractive. Renewable energy sources are inexhaustible and can provide energy for generations without depletion. Building-integrated renewables can enhance the resilience of buildings and communities by providing backup power during grid outages. Using renewable energy sources reduces dependence on fossil fuels, which are subject to price volatility and supply disruptions. The renewable energy sector creates jobs in manufacturing, installation, maintenance, and research, contributing to economic growth.

While renewable systems have lower operating costs, they do require periodic maintenance and replacement of components. Building owners may require specialized knowledge for system design, installation, and maintenance. Building codes and regulations may hinder the integration of renewable energy systems. Changing government policies and incentives can create uncertainty for those considering renewable energy investments.

In the last 15 years I have specialized on residential buildings, using passive House principles. Get the envelope right to maximise comfort levels and minimise energy use. Positioning dwellings to harness the sun (and any views) best while keeping an eye on overheating. Natural cross ventilation plays an important role. As doe roof over hangs to shade from the summer's sun.

Eco-friendly design should prirotize site selection with minimal environmental impact, focusing biodiversity and accessibility to public transport. In schematic design, we can optimize energy usage with sun studies and orientation, along with passive design strategies integrated into the landscape, maximizing natural heating/cooling/lighting, and reducing reliance on mechanical systems. The use of environmentally friendly, locally sourced materials and water-saving technologies, like low-flow fixtures and rainwater harvesting also promotes sustainability. Most importantly, renovating existing structures instead of demolishing them reduces the demand for new resources and preserves cultural/historical significance.