What are the benefits and challenges of the jigsaw model of group work?

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If you have ever worked in a group project, you know that it can be a rewarding but also challenging experience. You can learn from others, share ideas, and develop skills, but you can also face conflicts, misunderstandings, and unequal contributions. One way to make group work more effective and engaging is to use the jigsaw model, a cooperative learning technique that involves dividing a topic into smaller pieces and assigning each piece to a different group member. In this article, you will learn what the jigsaw model is, how it works, and what are its benefits and challenges for group work.

本文章的要点总结

Foster interdependence:

By dividing tasks into subtopics, each member becomes a crucial piece of the puzzle, ensuring everyone's input is valued and necessary for the group's success.
Embrace diversity:

Diverse perspectives can be a goldmine for innovation. Respect and integrate varying viewpoints to overcome challenges and enrich the group’s output.

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1 What is the jigsaw model?

The jigsaw model was developed by Elliot Aronson and his colleagues in the 1970s as a way to reduce racial tensions and promote positive interdependence among students in diverse classrooms. The basic idea is that each student becomes an expert on a specific aspect of a larger topic and then teaches it to the rest of the group. For example, if the topic is climate change, one student might learn about the causes, another about the effects, another about the solutions, and so on. Then, each student joins a group of peers who have learned about different aspects and shares their knowledge with them. By doing so, each student contributes to the group's understanding and relies on the others to learn the whole topic.

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Frozan Q.

Behaviorist.... 20 years experience in the behavioral health and ABA
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Working with different diversity could be challenging but it also is rewarding at the same time because you get to respect their outcome and their opinion etc and know that we all have to share everyone's ideas whatever and respect it all times see as If we were them why they feel that or say that ..but the same time sometimes there might be agreement their too is big challenge..because some may not agreed we respect their thinking it's ok but not all think as we do ...but, we have be fair to over come those obstacle or we all have to compromise and come to a conclusion that we can make it work for the best of everyone.

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A. F.

Assistente Clientes e Vendas
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Trabalhar em grupo é um desafio que requer uma comunica??o assertiva e espirito de interajuda. Significa respeitar as diferentes opini?es, para se chegar a uma conclus?o objectiva, ao mesmo tempo a partilha de conhecimentos é uma mais valia para o grupo.

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2 How does the jigsaw model work?

The jigsaw model is a useful approach for teaching and learning that can be implemented in various ways. Generally, the teacher or facilitator divides the topic into subtopics and creates or selects the materials for each subtopic. Then, students are divided into heterogeneous groups of four to six members, called home groups, and each group member is assigned a subtopic and a number or letter. Following this, the students leave their home groups and join expert groups that have the same subtopic. In the expert groups, they study their subtopic, discuss it, and prepare to teach it to their home group members. After that, they return to their home groups and take turns teaching their subtopic to the others while the teacher or facilitator provides feedback and guidance as needed. Finally, the students demonstrate their learning by completing a quiz, a project, a presentation, or another assessment task individually or as a group.

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Terra West MBA, MLS (ASCP)

Clinical Laboratory Supervisor
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Agile project management uses a similar strategy. A large project (ex software development) is broken down into chunks. The first chunk is small and represents the smallest viable product. Additional chunks are then added to the initial product until the final product is developed. Each team working on the project is comprised of people with the knowledge and skills needed to make the product development happen and be a success project. It requires the team to work on small parts independently but touch base and collaborate frequently to ensure the work done produces a viable product-much like the jigsaw puzzle method described

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A. F.

Assistente Clientes e Vendas
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Com esta estrategia os alunos aprendem a trabalhar em grupo e desempenham um papel ativo e de interajuda . Ajuda a desenvolver habilidades e pensamento critico. Este modelo é importante porque uma grande tarefa ou assunto, é dividido por todo o grupo e assim todos d?o a sua opiniao/resolu??o para se atingir o objectivo final.

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3 What are the benefits of the jigsaw model?

The jigsaw model has several benefits for group work, such as encouraging active learning and promoting social skills like communication, collaboration, listening, and respect. It also enhances motivation, engagement, and self-confidence as students have a clear role and purpose in the group. Additionally, the jigsaw model can reduce competition and conflict as it encourages students to depend on each other for learning and success. Finally, it improves retention and comprehension by allowing students to learn from multiple sources and modalities.

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4 What are the challenges of the jigsaw model?

The jigsaw model for group work has some challenges that require careful planning and preparation from the teacher or facilitator. This includes selecting or creating appropriate materials, dividing the topic into manageable subtopics, and forming balanced and diverse groups. Additionally, this model demands time and flexibility as students need to study their subtopic, teach it to their peers, and demonstrate their learning. It also requires individual accountability and group cooperation, as students must be prepared, responsible, and respectful in their roles and tasks. The teacher or facilitator must monitor and support the student's progress and performance. Furthermore, potential difficulties and misunderstandings can arise due to different levels of prior knowledge, interest, and ability among the peers. Therefore, it is important for the teacher or facilitator to clarify and reinforce the learning objectives and expectations.

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A. F.

Assistente Clientes e Vendas
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Este modelo proporciona contacto direto entre toda a Equipa de forma a desenvolverem as suas capacidade individuais em prol do grupo, e o feedback recebido é visto como um elogio ao trabalho. A partilha de ideias entre todos os elementos do grupo, ajuda a concluir com exito o propósito da experiência.

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5 How can you use the jigsaw model effectively?

To maximize the effectiveness of the jigsaw model for group work, it is important to choose a topic that is relevant, interesting, and suitable for subtopics that are interrelated but independent. Additionally, provide clear instructions and guidelines for the students on how to study their subtopic, teach it to their peers, and assess their learning. Utilize a variety of materials and resources such as texts, videos, podcasts, diagrams, charts, or games. Assign roles and responsibilities to the students in their home and expert groups. Stimulate the students to ask questions, give feedback, and summarize what they have learned in their home groups. Finally, review and reinforce the main points and concepts of the topic with the whole class at the conclusion of the activity.

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A. F.

Assistente Clientes e Vendas
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Neste modelo o tema a desenvolver tem que ser importante, de forma a poder ser dividido em vários subtópicos para poderem ser analisados pelo grupo, com diferentes questoes e opini?es. Este modelo proporciona aos alunos interagirem uns com os outros, estimula a partilha de ideias para se chegar a uma conclus?o.

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6 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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What are the benefits and challenges of the jigsaw model of group work?

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1 What is the jigsaw model?

2 How does the jigsaw model work?

3 What are the benefits of the jigsaw model?

4 What are the challenges of the jigsaw model?

5 How can you use the jigsaw model effectively?

6 Here’s what else to consider

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