How has the oil and gas industry innovated drilling in water-scarce areas?

1 Waterless fracturing

One of the most water-intensive processes in oil and gas drilling is hydraulic fracturing, or fracking, which involves injecting large volumes of water mixed with sand and chemicals into shale formations to create cracks and release hydrocarbons. However, some companies have developed alternatives to water-based fracking, such as using liquid carbon dioxide, nitrogen, or propane as the fracturing fluid. These methods can reduce water consumption by up to 90%, as well as lower greenhouse gas emissions and wastewater disposal costs.

3 Water management and optimization

A third approach to conserve water in oil and gas drilling is to improve the water management and optimization practices of the industry. This involves using data analytics, sensors, and automation to monitor and control the water flow, quality, and pressure throughout the drilling operation. By doing so, the industry can optimize the water efficiency and productivity of each well, as well as detect and prevent leaks, spills, and wastage. Water management and optimization can also help the industry comply with environmental regulations and reduce operational risks and costs.

4 Water sourcing and transport

A fourth strategy to address the water scarcity challenge in oil and gas drilling is to diversify and improve the water sourcing and transport options of the industry. This means finding alternative sources of water, such as brackish water, seawater, or municipal wastewater, that can meet the quality and quantity requirements of the drilling operation. It also means developing more efficient and cost-effective ways to transport water to and from the well sites, such as pipelines, trucks, or rail. Water sourcing and transport can also involve collaborating with other stakeholders, such as farmers, communities, or regulators, to share and manage water resources.

5 Water innovation and research

A fifth and final way to enhance water use in oil and gas drilling is to foster a culture of innovation and research in the industry. This means investing in the development and adoption of new technologies, practices, and standards that can improve the water performance and sustainability of the drilling operation. It also means engaging with academia, government, and civil society to conduct research and share knowledge on the water issues and opportunities in the industry. Water innovation and research can help the industry stay ahead of the competition and the expectations of the society.

6 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?