How do you use visual cues to support recognition in your interface design?

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Visual cues are essential for creating intuitive and user-friendly interfaces. They help users recognize what actions they can take, what information they can access, and where they are in the system. In this article, we'll explore how you can use visual cues to support recognition in your interface design, following one of the key principles of heuristic evaluation: recognition rather than recall and memory.

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Hema Nookala

User Experience Lead | Product Designer || designing with research & empathy ??
Keith Mascheroni

Senior Product Designer

1 What is recognition rather than recall and memory?

Recognition rather than recall and memory is a usability heuristic that states that users should be able to identify and use interface elements without having to remember them from previous interactions. This reduces the cognitive load and the risk of errors, and improves the user satisfaction and efficiency. Recognition is easier than recall and memory because it relies on cues and context, rather than on internal mental processes.

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2 How do visual cues support recognition?

Visual cues are graphical elements that provide information, feedback, or guidance to the users. These may be icons, labels, colors, shapes, sizes, animations, or layouts. Visual cues support recognition by affording possible actions or functions of an interface element; signifying the meaning or purpose of an interface element; grouping interface elements according to similarity, proximity, or hierarchy; mapping the relationship between an interface element and its effect or outcome; and orienting users to the system's location, direction, or status.

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Hema Nookala

User Experience Lead | Product Designer || designing with research & empathy ??
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The reason why visual cues, such as changing colour, size, shape, orientation, motion or texture, to increase salience is because these properties are pre-attentively processed. This means there is no conscious effort, rather our subconscious accumulates this information from the environment and can draw our attention easily. This can also be termed the 'pop-out' effect. A lot of times we want to use visual cues to gather the attention of our user for them to conduct a certain action.

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3 How do you design effective visual cues?

When designing effective visual cues, it is important to ensure consistency with user expectations, system functionality, and the interface style. Use labels that are concise and descriptive, icons that are recognizable and scalable, and colors that are contrastive and accessible. Additionally, make sure the visual cues are relevant, meaningful, and helpful. Balance the appropriate number, size, and intensity of visual cues; avoid clutter, noise, or redundancy. Doing so will ensure visual cues are clear, distinct, legible, and not overwhelming or distracting.

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Keith Mascheroni

Senior Product Designer
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Be as minimal and consistent as possible throughout the system. Consider going through a ‘black and white’ exercise: strive to establish a working system of visual cues using only minimal black or white elements (icons, words, words reversed out of black boxes - all in a single scale, generic font, font weight and size), then very gradually employ the elements you need to ‘help’ what you absolutely can’t achieve within such constraints. Don’t mix metaphors. Be careful with color, both from an accessibility point of view and because colors can have established ‘universal’ meanings that can eclipse your intended use for them. Moreover those color meanings can be different from one audience culture to another.

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4 How do you evaluate visual cues for recognition?

To evaluate visual cues for recognition, you can use heuristic evaluation, a method that involves inspecting the interface against a set of usability criteria. As part of this evaluation, ask yourself if the visual cues afford the possible actions or functions of the interface elements, signify their meaning or purpose, group and relate them according to their similarity, proximity, or hierarchy, map the relationship between the interface elements and their effect or outcome, and orient users within the system and indicate their location, direction, or status.

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5 How do you improve visual cues for recognition?

To improve visual cues for recognition, you can use user feedback, testing, and iteration. Collecting and analyzing user feedback can be achieved through surveys, interviews, observations, and tasks. Surveys can help rate the usability and aesthetics of the visual cues, while interviews can provide insight into user experience and expectations. Additionally, observing users interacting with the visual cues and asking them to perform specific tasks can measure their performance and satisfaction. Based on the user feedback, you can identify the strengths and weaknesses of the visual cues and make changes accordingly. Through testing and iteration, you can then achieve the optimal level of recognition.

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6 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Keith Mascheroni

Senior Product Designer
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Can’t emphasize the importance of user profiling testing above all! To quote Big Z in Surf’s Up: ‘now, the board’s already inside there, somewhere. And what you’re doing, is trying to find it …reveal it’ Approach your design work as though you know nothing. Your users do.

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How do you use visual cues to support recognition in your interface design?

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1 What is recognition rather than recall and memory?

2 How do visual cues support recognition?

3 How do you design effective visual cues?

4 How do you evaluate visual cues for recognition?

5 How do you improve visual cues for recognition?

6 Here’s what else to consider

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