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How do you troubleshoot a performance issue, such as a high CPU, memory, or disk usage?

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Have you ever experienced a slow or unresponsive computer, a program that crashes or freezes, or a warning message that says you are running out of resources? These are some of the signs of a performance issue, which can affect your productivity, security, and enjoyment of using your computer. In this article, you will learn how to troubleshoot a performance issue, such as a high CPU, memory, or disk usage, by following some simple steps and using some built-in tools.

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1 Identify the cause

The first step in troubleshooting a performance issue is to identify what is causing it. You can use the Task Manager in Windows or the Activity Monitor in Mac to monitor the CPU, memory, and disk usage of your system and applications. These tools show you how much of your resources are being used by each process, and allow you to sort them by different criteria, such as CPU time, memory pressure, or disk activity. You can also view the overall performance of your system, such as the CPU load, memory usage, disk space, and network speed. By looking at these indicators, you can find out which process or application is consuming the most resources and causing the performance issue.

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2 Terminate or optimize the process

The next step in troubleshooting a performance issue is to terminate or optimize the process that is causing it. You can do this by right-clicking on the process in the Task Manager or the Activity Monitor and choosing the option to end or quit the process. This will free up some resources and improve the performance of your system. However, be careful not to end any system processes that are essential for your computer to function properly. You can also optimize the process by changing its settings, updating its software, or uninstalling any unnecessary or malicious programs that are running in the background. For example, you can lower the resolution or quality of a video game, disable some extensions or plugins in your browser, or scan your computer for viruses or malware.

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3 Check for hardware issues

Another possible cause of a performance issue is a hardware problem, such as a faulty or outdated component, a loose connection, or a lack of ventilation. You can check for hardware issues by opening your computer case and inspecting the physical condition of your components, such as the CPU, memory, disk, and fans. You can also use some diagnostic tools, such as the Device Manager in Windows or the System Information in Mac, to check the status and performance of your hardware devices. You can also run some tests, such as the Memory Diagnostic Tool in Windows or the Apple Hardware Test in Mac, to detect any errors or failures in your hardware. If you find any hardware issues, you can try to fix them by replacing, upgrading, or cleaning your components, or by contacting a professional technician for assistance.

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Emily Bayes

Assistant Field Geologist at ConeTec
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Be sure before you disconnect, reconnect, even touch any hardware component, have a restore point to back up all of your data.

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4 Adjust your system settings

Another way to troubleshoot a performance issue is to adjust your system settings to optimize your computer's performance. You can do this by changing some options in the Control Panel in Windows or the System Preferences in Mac, such as the power plan, the visual effects, the startup programs, or the disk cleanup. You can also use some tools, such as the Performance Monitor in Windows or the Console in Mac, to analyze and optimize your system's performance. For example, you can change the power plan to high performance mode, disable some unnecessary animations or transparency effects, remove some programs that run automatically when you start your computer, or delete some temporary or duplicate files that take up disk space.

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Roxanne Green

Physics Major/Astronomy Minor/Math Minor/Comp. Sci. concentration at Rowan University | Planetarium Educator | Thin Film Researcher
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Having lots of programs starting on startup, AKA when you turn on your computer, can drastically slow down a computer’s performance. Some programs even start in the background, not minimized, but in the system tray (Windows). Saying no to all but necessary programs will help a computer’s performance greatly.

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5 Update your system and drivers

The last step in troubleshooting a performance issue is to update your system and drivers to the latest versions. This will ensure that your computer is running smoothly and securely, and that your hardware devices are compatible and functioning properly. You can update your system and drivers by using the Windows Update in Windows or the Software Update in Mac, which will automatically check for and install any available updates for your system and drivers. You can also manually check for and download any updates from the official websites of your hardware manufacturers or software developers. Updating your system and drivers can also fix some bugs or glitches that may cause performance issues.

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6 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Kris Stephenson, MBA, CCRA

Manager, Credit Underwriting and Risk at Cardinal Health - Pharmaceutical Segment
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You should also consider simply re-booting your system. Often times terminate and stay resident programs will hang and as a result eat up your available resources. It is a quick and easy task before diving head first into unknown issues.

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Doni James Stewart

“A man’s mind, stretched by new ideas, may never return to its original dimensions.“ “Learning is not attained by chance; it must be sought for with ardor and attended to with diligence.”
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After eliminating all other resource hungry programmes etc, and after following and executing all the other aspects of the aforementioned advice, it would also be worthwhile limiting the software that boots up just after turning on or restarting your device, to just the few system essential programs. You can do this through the Task Manager and selecting the startup tab or by typing Msconfig in the run or search bar near the Start icon. You can enable and disable programs that you don't want to boot up when the system does, therefore freeing up more ram and cpu processing power. You can also create your own custom boot up process and have programs and hardware start up in the order that you want, to improve system performance.

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Scott Grimes

Organizational Leadership | Business Analytics | Operations Coordinator | Human Resources | Training Management | Risk Mitigation | Strategic Planning | Military | Event Coordinator | Multinational Relationships
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I always want to strike a balance between not wasting my own time, and not wasting the IT staff's time. I can fix most things by looking up the problem on Google or YouTube. I try to give 30 minutes of effort on the problem before calling for help, because those guys are swamped too. Selfishly taking up their time hurts the organization if I'm calling them for something trivial.

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How do you troubleshoot a performance issue, such as a high CPU, memory, or disk usage?

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1 Identify the cause

2 Terminate or optimize the process

3 Check for hardware issues

4 Adjust your system settings

5 Update your system and drivers

6 Here’s what else to consider

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