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How do you test and refine your squash and stretch animations to ensure consistency and quality?

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Squash and stretch is one of the most fundamental principles of traditional animation, as it adds life, weight, and elasticity to your characters and objects. However, to achieve a convincing and consistent result, you need to test and refine your squash and stretch animations carefully. In this article, you will learn some tips and techniques to do so, using the following steps:

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Diego Stoliar

Head of Look Dev 2D
Sarah W.

Content strategist and social media manager | Helping businesses with campaign management, strategy and activation

1 Sketch your key poses

Before you start animating, you need to sketch your key poses, which are the main positions of your character or object at the start, end, and peak of the action. These poses should show the maximum amount of squash and stretch, as well as the direction and intensity of the movement. Sketching your key poses will help you plan your animation and establish the overall timing and spacing.

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Sarah W.

Content strategist and social media manager | Helping businesses with campaign management, strategy and activation
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Try filming yourself, or using a mirror and experimenting with different movements. Bending your knees or opening/closing your mouth are great ways of outlining squash and stretch.

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2 Add your breakdowns and in-betweens

Once you have your key poses, you need to add your breakdowns and in-betweens, which are the intermediate frames that connect the key poses and create the illusion of motion. Breakdowns are the frames that show the transition from one pose to another, while in-betweens are the frames that smooth out the movement. When adding your breakdowns and in-betweens, you need to pay attention to the volume, shape, and arc of your character or object, and make sure they are consistent and follow the logic of the squash and stretch principle.

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3 Flip and play your animation

The next step is to flip and play your animation, which means to quickly switch between your frames and see how they look as a sequence. Flipping and playing your animation will help you check the flow, rhythm, and timing of your squash and stretch, and spot any errors or issues that need to be fixed. You can flip and play your animation using a lightbox, a flipbook, or a digital software.

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4 Refine your drawings and details

After flipping and playing your animation, you may need to refine your drawings and details, which means to improve the quality, clarity, and appeal of your squash and stretch. Refining your drawings and details may involve adjusting the proportions, curves, lines, and expressions of your character or object, as well as adding secondary actions, overlaps, and follow-throughs. Refining your drawings and details will make your squash and stretch more realistic, dynamic, and expressive.

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5 Review your animation with feedback

The final step is to review your animation with feedback, which means to watch your animation as a whole and get constructive criticism from others. Reviewing your animation with feedback will help you evaluate the effectiveness, impact, and originality of your squash and stretch, and identify any areas that need further improvement or revision. You can review your animation with feedback by showing it to your peers, mentors, or online communities.

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6 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Diego Stoliar

Head of Look Dev 2D
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The article is really focused on the process of animation and not so much in how or (more importantly) why to squash and stretch, which has to do with flexibility/tenacity of materials and resistance of air, or style of animation. The process you use is kind of secondary to this, for example: you can do good squash and stretch animating straight ahead, without even thinking about keys and breakdowns the traditional way, or do a pass of squash and stretch after roughing all your frames.

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Sarah W.

Content strategist and social media manager | Helping businesses with campaign management, strategy and activation
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Be sure to have an eraser handy because you won't get it right the first time. The more frames you add the smoother the animation, but the more obvious the mistake.

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How do you test and refine your squash and stretch animations to ensure consistency and quality?

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1 Sketch your key poses

2 Add your breakdowns and in-betweens

3 Flip and play your animation

4 Refine your drawings and details

5 Review your animation with feedback

6 Here’s what else to consider

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