How do you measure and evaluate the impacts of site plan zoning and land use planning decisions?

1 Site plan zoning basics

Site plan zoning is the process of dividing a municipality into zones or districts that specify the permitted and prohibited uses, densities, heights, setbacks, parking, landscaping, and other design standards for each zone. Site plan zoning is usually established by a zoning ordinance or bylaw that is adopted by the local government. The purpose of site plan zoning is to ensure compatibility, order, and efficiency in the development and use of land, as well as to protect public health, safety, and welfare.

2 Land use planning basics

Land use planning is the process of developing and implementing a vision, goals, policies, and actions for the future use and development of land in a municipality or region. Land use planning is usually guided by a comprehensive or master plan that is prepared by the local government in collaboration with stakeholders and the public. The purpose of land use planning is to promote sustainable, equitable, and livable communities that balance the needs and interests of various groups and sectors.

3 Types of impacts

Site plan zoning and land use planning decisions have multiple and diverse impacts on the physical, social, economic, and environmental aspects of urban development. These impacts can be seen in the shape, size, layout, appearance, and function of buildings and spaces; the housing affordability, diversity, equity, inclusion, and social cohesion of the urban population; the land value, market demand, business activity, employment, and income generation of the urban sector; and the energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, air quality, water quality, stormwater management, and biodiversity of the urban environment. These impacts can all contribute to a better quality of life for those who live in cities.

4 Tools and methods

Measuring and evaluating the impacts of site plan zoning and land use planning decisions can be aided by various tools and methods. For example, data collection and analysis can help identify and measure the baseline conditions, trends, patterns, relationships, and outcomes. Impact assessment and evaluation can help compare and contrast the alternatives, trade-offs, benefits, costs, risks, and uncertainties. Additionally, stakeholder engagement and participation can collect and incorporate diverse perspectives on the decisions. Finally, monitoring and review can measure and evaluate the actual impacts of the decisions to identify any gaps or opportunities for improvement.

5 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?