How do you measure the coverage and quality of boundary value analysis?

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Boundary value analysis (BVA) is a functional testing technique that focuses on testing the values at the edges of the input domain, such as the minimum, maximum, and just inside or outside the valid range. BVA can help you find errors that occur due to incorrect handling of boundary conditions, such as off-by-one errors, overflow errors, or truncation errors. But how do you measure the coverage and quality of BVA? Here are some tips to help you evaluate your BVA test cases.

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Sachin Gupta

Software QA Analyst @PrimaFelicitas | Manual Testing Enthusiast | Ensuring Flawless Software Delivery
Kaushik Maitra CSM?

Technical Consultant in TCS BENGALURU|| ??Certified ScrumMaster? ||??36K LinkedIn Family.|| Web Accessibility Test Lead…
Zouhair B.

Ingénieur Test Fonctionnel et Automatisé Confirmé | Consultant et Formateur Selenium | ISTQB? CTFL - Scrum | A4Q?…

1 Test coverage metrics

Test coverage metrics are quantitative indicators that measure how much of the input domain or the code is covered by your test cases. For BVA, you can use metrics such as boundary value coverage, which calculates the percentage of boundary values that are tested, or equivalence class coverage, which calculates the percentage of equivalence classes that are tested. Equivalence classes are groups of input values that are expected to behave similarly. For example, if you have a function that accepts an integer between 1 and 100, you can divide the input domain into four equivalence classes: less than 1, between 1 and 100, equal to 100, and greater than 100. You can use tools such as code coverage analyzers or test management tools to generate these metrics automatically.

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Zouhair B.

Ingénieur Test Fonctionnel et Automatisé Confirmé | Consultant et Formateur Selenium | ISTQB? CTFL - Scrum | A4Q? Selenium Tester Certified
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Pour mesurer la couverture et la qualité de l'analyse des valeurs limites, nous utilisons plusieurs indicateurs. Tout d'abord, nous évaluons la couverture en examinant la proportion des valeurs limites testées par rapport à l'ensemble des valeurs possibles. Nous suivons également la qualité en mesurant le nombre de défauts détectés par rapport au nombre total de valeurs limites testées. De plus, nous analysons la pertinence des valeurs choisies pour l'analyse, en nous assurant qu'elles représentent correctement les conditions critiques du système. En combinant ces mesures, nous obtenons une évaluation complète de l'efficacité de notre analyse des valeurs limites dans la validation du logiciel.

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Sachin Gupta

Software QA Analyst @PrimaFelicitas | Manual Testing Enthusiast | Ensuring Flawless Software Delivery
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To gauge the thoroughness and effectiveness of boundary value analysis (BVA), it's vital to employ test coverage metrics. These metrics, like boundary value coverage and equivalence class coverage, help ensure we've thoroughly examined critical areas. Using such tools adds precision and confidence to our testing efforts, fostering quality software.

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Kaushik Maitra CSM?

Technical Consultant in TCS BENGALURU|| ??Certified ScrumMaster? ||??36K LinkedIn Family.|| Web Accessibility Test Lead ||Automation Tester|| PMO Operations||
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Test coverage metrics are quantitative indicators that measure how much of the input domain or the code is covered by your test cases. For BVA, you can use metrics such as boundary value coverage, which calculates the percentage of boundary values that are tested, or equivalence class coverage, which calculates the percentage of equivalence classes that are tested. Equivalence classes are groups of input values that are expected to behave similarly.

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Chinmay Agrawal

Quality Analyst
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To see coverage of boundary value testing, we must check each variable of all fields with their defined minimum, maximum, nominal and values just on either sides of minimum and maximum values. Check points must be made for each field here. Measuring the coverage of all inputs and quality of validations will be noticed then. In certain cases, values are universally defined like PAN Card, Aadhar number, etc. Here along with boundary value testing, it must take values as per standard norm.

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2 Test quality metrics

Test quality metrics are qualitative indicators that measure how effective your test cases are in finding defects or ensuring reliability. For BVA, you can use metrics such as defect density, which calculates the number of defects per test case or per line of code, or defect severity, which calculates the impact or risk of the defects found. You can also use metrics such as fault detection effectiveness, which calculates the percentage of faults that are detected by your test cases, or fault detection efficiency, which calculates the ratio of faults detected to test cases executed. You can use tools such as defect tracking systems or test management tools to collect and analyze these metrics.

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Sachin Gupta

Software QA Analyst @PrimaFelicitas | Manual Testing Enthusiast | Ensuring Flawless Software Delivery
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For Boundary Value Analysis (BVA), assess test quality using metrics like defect density (defects per test case or code line), defect severity, fault detection effectiveness (percentage of detected faults), and fault detection efficiency (ratio of faults detected to test cases executed). Utilize tools such as defect tracking systems for comprehensive metric collection and analysis.

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3 Test design principles

Test design principles are guidelines that help you create better test cases that cover more scenarios and find more defects. For BVA, you can use both positive and negative boundary values - those at or just inside the valid range and those at or just outside the invalid range. Additionally, use both valid and invalid equivalence classes - groups of input values that are expected to produce correct results, and groups of input values that are expected to produce errors or exceptions. Lastly, use both simple and complex boundary values - values that are easy to test or verify, as well as large numbers, special characters, or combinations of values that are difficult to test or verify. For example, if you have a function that accepts an integer between 1 and 100, you can use 1, 2, 99, and 100 as positive boundary values; 0, -1, 101, and 102 as negative boundary values; between 1 and 100 as a valid equivalence class; less than 1, equal to 100, and greater than 100 as invalid equivalence classes; "a", "z", and "" as simple boundary values; and "abcdefghij", "abcdefghi?", and "abcdefghi\n" as complex boundary values.

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Kaushik Maitra CSM?

Technical Consultant in TCS BENGALURU|| ??Certified ScrumMaster? ||??36K LinkedIn Family.|| Web Accessibility Test Lead ||Automation Tester|| PMO Operations||
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Fast: Tests should run quickly. Consistent: Tests should produce consistent results. Easy to modify: Adding or changing a test should be simple. Easy to interpret: Test results should be easy to understand. Maintainable: The test framework and tests themselves should be maintainable. Context dependent: Different types of software require different testing techniques. For example, testing an eCommerce site will be different from testing a commercial application. Defect clustering: Faults tend to concentrate in specific areas of code. This means that if you find a defect in a particular area, you're likely to find more in the same module. You can focus your testing on these key areas of risk.

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4 Test execution strategies

Test execution strategies are methods that help you prioritize and optimize your test cases based on various factors, such as time, resources, risk, or complexity. For BVA, you can employ risk-based testing, which assigns different levels of risk to different test cases based on the likelihood and impact of defects. This allows you to prioritize test cases based on the criticality of the boundary values or the equivalence classes. Additionally, pairwise testing is a strategy that reduces the number of test cases by testing only the combinations of two input values at a time. This allows you to optimize your test cases based on the interactions of the boundary values or the equivalence classes. For example, if you have a function that accepts two integers between 1 and 100, pairwise testing can be used to test only 16 combinations of boundary values, instead of testing 256 combinations.

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5 Test evaluation techniques

Test evaluation techniques are methods that help you assess and improve your test cases based on the feedback or results from the test execution. Boundary value analysis (BVA) is a powerful functional testing technique that can help you test your software more efficiently and effectively. To evaluate BVA test cases, you can use a traceability matrix to measure coverage and completeness of the requirements or specifications. Additionally, defect analysis is a process that identifies and analyzes the defects found during the test execution to evaluate quality and effectiveness of the defect detection and prevention. By utilizing these metrics, principles, strategies, and techniques, you can ensure that your software meets the expectations and requirements of your users and stakeholders.

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6 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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How do you measure the coverage and quality of boundary value analysis?

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1 Test coverage metrics

2 Test quality metrics

3 Test design principles

4 Test execution strategies

5 Test evaluation techniques

6 Here’s what else to consider

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