How do you manage the scope and risks of your A3 or DMAIC projects?

1 Define the problem

The first step in both A3 and DMAIC is to clearly define the problem or opportunity that you want to address. This includes identifying the customer needs, the current situation, the gap, and the goal. A well-defined problem helps you focus on the root cause and avoid scope creep. You can use tools such as the problem statement, the SIPOC diagram, the voice of the customer, and the SMART criteria to define the problem.

2 Measure the performance

The next step is to measure the current performance of the process or system that you want to improve. This involves collecting data on the key metrics, such as quality, cost, delivery, safety, and customer satisfaction. You also need to establish a baseline and a target for each metric. Measuring the performance helps you quantify the problem and evaluate the impact of your solutions. You can use tools such as the data collection plan, the Pareto chart, the histogram, and the control chart to measure the performance.

3 Analyze the causes

The third step is to analyze the data and identify the root causes of the problem or opportunity. This involves using various tools and techniques to find out why the problem occurs, what are the factors that influence it, and how they are related. Analyzing the causes helps you prioritize the most critical issues and generate potential solutions. You can use tools such as the fishbone diagram, the 5 whys, the scatter plot, and the FMEA to analyze the causes.

4 Improve the process

The fourth step is to improve the process or system by implementing the best solutions that address the root causes. This involves testing, validating, and standardizing the solutions, as well as monitoring the results and feedback. Improving the process helps you achieve the desired outcomes and satisfy the customer needs. You can use tools such as the PDSA cycle, the A/B testing, the pilot run, and the SOP to improve the process.

5 Control the results

The last step is to control the results and ensure that the improvement is sustained and replicated. This involves documenting, communicating, and training the stakeholders on the new process or system, as well as establishing control mechanisms and contingency plans. Controlling the results helps you prevent backsliding and mitigate risks. You can use tools such as the control plan, the dashboard, the audit, and the lessons learned to control the results.

6 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?