How do you leverage 3GPP dynamic spectrum sharing for 5G deployment?

1 What is 3GPP DSS?

3GPP is the global organization that develops and maintains the technical specifications for cellular networks, including LTE and 5G. 3GPP has defined DSS as a feature that enables the coexistence of LTE and 5G NR (New Radio) in the same frequency band, using a common radio access network (RAN) and core network. 3GPP DSS is based on the concept of spectrum sharing, which means that different radio technologies can share the same spectrum without interfering with each other.

2 How does 3GPP DSS work?

3GPP DSS works by using a flexible frame structure that can accommodate both LTE and 5G NR subframes, depending on the network configuration and user equipment (UE) capabilities. The network can dynamically switch between LTE and 5G NR subframes, or use a mixed mode that combines both, within the same carrier. The network can also adjust the bandwidth and power allocation for each subframe, to optimize the performance and efficiency of the spectrum utilization. The UE can detect and decode the subframe type and format, and communicate with the network accordingly.

3 What are the benefits of 3GPP DSS?

3GPP DSS offers several benefits for operators and users, such as faster and smoother transitions from LTE to 5G without requiring new spectrum licenses or additional hardware investments. It also provides higher spectral efficiency and network capacity by using the same spectrum for both LTE and 5G, and dynamically adapting to the traffic demand and network conditions. Moreover, it offers better coverage and quality of service by leveraging the existing LTE infrastructure and coverage, and enhancing it with 5G capabilities and features. Finally, it provides more flexibility and scalability by allowing operators to deploy 5G in different bands and regions, and to adjust the spectrum allocation and configuration as needed.

4 What are the challenges of 3GPP DSS?

3GPP DSS presents some challenges for operators and users, such as increased complexity and coordination, lower peak performance and latency, and higher interference and power consumption. Managing spectrum sharing and switching between LTE and 5G requires additional effort, as does ensuring the compatibility of different RAN and core network components. Maximum bandwidth and subcarrier spacing for 5G NR is limited, introducing overhead and delay for the subframe switching and signaling. Furthermore, the number of active transmitters and receivers in the same band is increased, requiring the UE to support both LTE and 5G NR modes, which in turn increases power consumption.

5 How do you implement 3GPP DSS?

3GPP DSS requires some hardware and software upgrades for both the network and the UE, to support the DSS feature and functionality. The network needs to have a DSS-capable RAN and core network, which can support both LTE and 5G NR protocols and interfaces, and can dynamically configure and control the spectrum sharing and allocation. The UE needs to have a DSS-capable chipset and modem, which can support both LTE and 5G NR modes and bands, and can detect and decode the subframe type and format. Additionally, the network and the UE need to follow the 3GPP DSS standards and best practices, which specify the technical requirements and guidelines for the DSS implementation and operation.