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How do you incorporate structural analysis into your hazard and risk assessment process?

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Structural analysis is a crucial skill for engineers, architects, and designers who work with buildings, bridges, and other structures. It helps you understand how forces and loads affect the stability, strength, and performance of your projects. But how do you incorporate structural analysis into your hazard and risk assessment process? Here are some tips to help you apply this skill to identify and mitigate potential threats to your structures.

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Cmdr (Dr.?) Reji Kurien Thomas , FRSA, MLE?

I Empower Sectors as a Global Tech & Business Transformation Quantum Leader| Stephen Hawking Award 2024| Harvard Leader…
Joseph Schimpp

Mechanical Engineer With Experience in Design, Analysis, and Testing

1 Define the scope and objectives

The first step in any hazard and risk assessment process is to define the scope and objectives of your analysis. What are the types, sources, and magnitudes of hazards that could affect your structure? What are the consequences and probabilities of failure or damage? What are the acceptable levels of risk and performance? How will you measure and communicate your results? By answering these questions, you can set the boundaries and criteria for your structural analysis.

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2 Collect and review data

The next step is to collect and review data about your structure and its environment. This includes information such as geometry, materials, loads, connections, supports, and design codes. You also need to gather data on the potential hazards that could impact your structure, such as earthquakes, floods, fires, winds, corrosion, or human errors. You can use various sources of data, such as drawings, models, reports, tests, surveys, or simulations.

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3 Perform structural analysis

The third step is to perform structural analysis using appropriate methods and tools. Depending on the complexity and purpose of your analysis, you can use different levels of detail and accuracy, such as linear or nonlinear, static or dynamic, deterministic or probabilistic, or analytical or numerical. You can also use software applications or programs that can help you model, calculate, and visualize the behavior and response of your structure under different scenarios and conditions.

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Joseph Schimpp

Mechanical Engineer With Experience in Design, Analysis, and Testing
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Typically, organizations have standard processes for structural analysis and for calculating margins against failures such as fractures, joint pullouts, and others. However, individual cases may require identifications of hazards specific to the case. If the failure of a structure would result in costly product or equipment damage, the organization will ought to decide the safety factors against failure necessary to ensure structural prevention of this failure. But if a structure is holding a person who could be injured or killed upon failure, OSHA requirements will need to be incorporated into the analysis along with the company's standard requirements. Similar situations may apply with lift configurations, chemical containers, and others.

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4 Evaluate and prioritize risks

The fourth step is to evaluate and prioritize the risks associated with your structure and its hazards. You can use various techniques and criteria to assess the likelihood and severity of failure or damage, such as fault tree analysis, event tree analysis, failure modes and effects analysis, or risk matrices. You can also compare the results of your structural analysis with the objectives and standards that you defined in the first step. This will help you identify the most critical and urgent risks that need to be addressed.

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5 Develop and implement mitigation strategies

The fifth step is to develop and implement mitigation strategies to reduce or eliminate the risks that you identified in the previous step. You can use various options and methods to improve the safety and performance of your structure, such as design changes, material upgrades, load reductions, strengthening, retrofitting, or maintenance. You can also use contingency plans, emergency procedures, or insurance policies to cope with the residual risks that cannot be avoided or controlled.

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Cmdr (Dr.?) Reji Kurien Thomas , FRSA, MLE?

I Empower Sectors as a Global Tech & Business Transformation Quantum Leader| Stephen Hawking Award 2024| Harvard Leader | UK House of Lord's Awardee | Fellow Royal Society | CyberSec | CCISO CISM CCNP-S CEH
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My work in upgrading industrial facilities exposed me to the cutting-edge developments in material science, particularly the use of smart materials that respond adaptively to environmental conditions. Incorporating these materials into structural designs allows for dynamic responses to hazards such as earthquakes, floods, or high winds. By understanding the properties & potential of these innovative materials through structural analysis, I've been able to implement mitigation strategies that not only resist but adapt to the forces exerted by various hazards, significantly enhancing structural resilience.

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6 Monitor and update

The sixth and final step is to monitor and update your hazard and risk assessment process and your structural analysis. You need to keep track of the performance and condition of your structure and its environment, as well as the effectiveness and efficiency of your mitigation strategies. You also need to update your data, methods, and tools as new information, technologies, or standards become available. By doing so, you can ensure that your structural analysis remains relevant, reliable, and responsive to changing situations and needs.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Cmdr (Dr.?) Reji Kurien Thomas , FRSA, MLE?

I Empower Sectors as a Global Tech & Business Transformation Quantum Leader| Stephen Hawking Award 2024| Harvard Leader | UK House of Lord's Awardee | Fellow Royal Society | CyberSec | CCISO CISM CCNP-S CEH
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Conduct Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) to systematically identify potential failure points within the structure and assess their potential effects. This approach was instrumental in a complex mechanical structure project, where FMEA helped prioritise areas for detailed structural analysis and reinforcement, significantly enhancing the structure's reliability. Incorporate environmental impact assessments to understand how changing environmental conditions might affect structural integrity over time. In a coastal protection project, accounting for the long-term effects of erosion and sea-level rise in the structural analysis ensured that the designed defences were robust enough to withstand future environmental challenges.

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How do you incorporate structural analysis into your hazard and risk assessment process?

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1 Define the scope and objectives

2 Collect and review data

3 Perform structural analysis

4 Evaluate and prioritize risks

5 Develop and implement mitigation strategies

6 Monitor and update

7 Here’s what else to consider

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