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Last updated on 2024年6月20日

How do you handle errors and exceptions in your SPE scripts and report them to the users or admins?

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SPE, or Sitecore PowerShell Extensions, is a powerful tool for automating tasks and customizing Sitecore. However, like any code, it can also encounter errors and exceptions that can disrupt your workflow or cause unexpected results. How do you handle these situations and report them to the users or admins who need to know? In this article, we will cover some best practices and tips for error handling and logging in your SPE scripts.

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Vishal Khera

Sitecore Technology MVP 2024 ?? || Technical Lead || Sitecore XM Cloud Certified || ?? 2x Sitecore Certified…
Anton Tishchenko

Sitecore MVP 2019-2024

1 Use try-catch-finally blocks

One of the most common and effective ways to handle errors and exceptions in your SPE scripts is to use try-catch-finally blocks. These blocks allow you to execute some code in the try block, catch any errors or exceptions that occur in the catch block, and perform some cleanup or final actions in the finally block. For example, you can use a try-catch-finally block to run a script that creates an item, catch any errors that prevent the creation, and log them to a file or a Sitecore log in the finally block.

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2 Use Write-Error and Write-Warning cmdlets

Another way to handle errors and exceptions in your SPE scripts is to use the Write-Error and Write-Warning cmdlets. These cmdlets allow you to write custom messages to the error or warning streams, which can be displayed in the SPE console or redirected to a file or a Sitecore log. For example, you can use the Write-Error cmdlet to write a message that indicates the cause of an error and the action required to fix it, or use the Write-Warning cmdlet to write a message that warns the user about a potential issue or limitation.

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Vishal Khera

Sitecore Technology MVP 2024 ?? || Technical Lead || Sitecore XM Cloud Certified || ?? 2x Sitecore Certified Professional || Experienced Sitecore Trainer || Sitecore Consultant || Cofounder SUGHYD
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Write-Error: The Write-Error cmdlet allows script authors to communicate specific error details to users. This can include information about the nature of the error and steps to rectify it. Write-Warning: Similarly, the Write-Warning cmdlet is valuable for signaling potential issues or limitations to users without halting script execution. This is particularly useful for providing preemptive guidance. By combining these cmdlets with other error-handling techniques like custom exceptions or external logging, script authors can create comprehensive error management strategies that enhance the reliability and maintainability of their SPE scripts.

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3 Use the Show-Alert and Show-ModalDialog functions

Sometimes, you may want to handle errors and exceptions in your SPE scripts by displaying a message to the user or asking for some input. For this purpose, you can use the Show-Alert and Show-ModalDialog functions, which are part of the SPE UI module. These functions allow you to show a message box or a dialog box with buttons and text fields, respectively, to the user. For example, you can use the Show-Alert function to show a message that informs the user about an error and suggests a possible solution, or use the Show-ModalDialog function to show a dialog box that asks the user for some information or confirmation.

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4 Use the Write-Log cmdlet and the $Appender variable

If you want to handle errors and exceptions in your SPE scripts by logging them to a Sitecore log, you can use the Write-Log cmdlet and the $Appender variable. The Write-Log cmdlet allows you to write a message to the Sitecore log with a specified level, such as INFO, WARN, ERROR, or FATAL. The $Appender variable allows you to specify the name of the log file where the message will be written, such as sitecore.log, SPE.log, or custom.log. For example, you can use the Write-Log cmdlet and the $Appender variable to write a message that logs an error and its details to a custom log file.

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5 Use the Invoke-ScriptReport function

Another way to handle errors and exceptions in your SPE scripts is to use the Invoke-ScriptReport function, which is part of the SPE Reporting module. This function allows you to generate a report based on your script execution, which can include information such as the script name, parameters, output, errors, warnings, duration, and status. You can also customize the report by using the -ReportOptions parameter, which accepts a hashtable of options such as Title, Columns, Data, Format, and Style. For example, you can use the Invoke-ScriptReport function to generate a report that summarizes the results of your script and shows any errors or warnings that occurred.

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6 Use the Send-Email function

Finally, you may want to handle errors and exceptions in your SPE scripts by sending an email to the users or admins who need to know. For this purpose, you can use the Send-Email function, which is part of the SPE Mailer module. This function allows you to send an email with a specified subject, body, recipients, attachments, and SMTP settings. You can also use variables and expressions in the email content, such as $error or $scriptSession. For example, you can use the Send-Email function to send an email that notifies the admins about an error that occurred in your script and attaches the log file or the report as an attachment.

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Anton Tishchenko

Sitecore MVP 2019-2024
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SPE Mailer module does not exist. It is either an AI hallucination or someone's incompentation. Please check the SPE documentation and remove this topic.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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How do you handle errors and exceptions in your SPE scripts and report them to the users or admins?

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1 Use try-catch-finally blocks

2 Use Write-Error and Write-Warning cmdlets

3 Use the Show-Alert and Show-ModalDialog functions

4 Use the Write-Log cmdlet and the $Appender variable

5 Use the Invoke-ScriptReport function

6 Use the Send-Email function

7 Here’s what else to consider

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