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How do you ensure a strong and reliable solder joint?

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Soldering is a skill that every electrical engineer should master, as it allows you to create durable and reliable connections between components and circuits. However, soldering can also be tricky and frustrating, especially if you end up with weak or cold solder joints that can compromise your project. In this article, you will learn how to ensure a strong and reliable solder joint by following some simple tips and best practices.

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Stephen Murphy

Founder @ everyday dev ? Let's build together!
Ulrich M.

Tech Marketing – Your Expert for Robotics & More ?? | Automation and Marketing on Point ?? I +132.500 Followers
Michael Heidinger

Efficient and Reliable Power Conversion.

1 Choose the right solder

Not all solder is created equal. Depending on your application, you may need to choose between different types of solder, such as lead-based, lead-free, rosin-core, or flux-core. Generally, lead-based solder is easier to work with and has a lower melting point, but it is also toxic and not environmentally friendly. Lead-free solder is safer and more compliant with regulations, but it requires higher temperatures and more skill to avoid defects. Rosin-core solder has a built-in flux that helps clean the surfaces and improve the wetting of the solder. Flux-core solder has a separate flux that you need to apply before soldering. You should also consider the diameter and the amount of solder you use, as too much or too little can affect the quality of the joint.

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Michael Heidinger

Efficient and Reliable Power Conversion.
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The correct solder represents the definitive solution. In my view, the utilization of lead has become superfluous and should be circumvented in consideration of environmental concerns.

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Conrad Slater

??International Functional Safety Trainer for Machinery. Specialist in Behaviour Based Safety in the Machine Safety industry .
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I had 10 weeks of training which was mostly soldering when I first entered the Electrical/Electronic industry. Then, when I finally was let loose on the shop floor I had to build some MOD type equipment which had the most rigorous and stringent inspection activities which all solder joints HAD to be both mechanical and electrically sound. This was a real test for one's soldering capabilities. Fortunately, my Father had me soldering components since the age of 10, so I had a bit pf practice. But all the same the mechanical part was sometimes the most difficult. With temperature controlled irons, the joints have a much more higher integrity compared to the old irons we used in the workshops in college.

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2 Clean and prepare the surfaces

Before you start soldering, you should make sure that the surfaces you want to join are clean and free of dirt, grease, oxidation, or corrosion. You can use a wire brush, sandpaper, or alcohol to remove any contaminants that can prevent the solder from adhering properly. You should also tin the tip of your soldering iron by applying a thin layer of solder to it, which helps to transfer the heat and prevent oxidation. You should also tin the wires or pads that you want to solder by applying a small amount of solder to them, which makes the joint easier and faster to form.

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Stephen Murphy

Founder @ everyday dev ? Let's build together!
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Flux is your friend. Cleaning a PCB ahead of time using alcohol is great when attempting to solder or rework a board but the main tool you need is flux. Flux will not only clean the joints and surfaces your trying to solder but it also promotes wetting and increases the flow of the molten solder.

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3 Apply heat and solder correctly

One of the most common mistakes that lead to weak or cold solder joints is applying too little or too much heat to the surfaces. If you apply too little heat, the solder will not melt or flow properly, and you will end up with a brittle or cracked joint. If you apply too much heat, you can damage the components or the board, and you will create a dry or dull joint that lacks strength. The ideal way to apply heat and solder is to touch the tip of your iron to both surfaces at the same time, and then feed the solder to the joint, not to the iron. You should use enough solder to cover the joint completely, but not so much that it forms blobs or bridges. You should also avoid moving the surfaces or the iron until the solder has cooled and solidified, which usually takes a few seconds.

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Nikolay Sirenko

MSc ?? Chief R&D Power system protection specialist | Power system Engineer | Substation Engineer ?? ? UK Global Talent visa holder ?
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You should not raise the temperature of the soldering iron above 300 degrees Celsius. 280 is quite suitable. At high temperatures, an oxide film will begin to form on the soldering iron, which will impair the wetting of the soldering iron with solder.

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Michael Heidinger

Efficient and Reliable Power Conversion.
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When confronted with a challenging solder joint, the application of flux can yield remarkable results. The flux should be applied before soldering.

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4 Inspect and test the joint

After you have finished soldering, you should inspect and test the joint to make sure that it is strong and reliable. You can use a magnifying glass or a microscope to check for any signs of defects, such as cracks, holes, bridges, spikes, or cold spots. You can also use a multimeter or a continuity tester to check for any shorts or opens in the circuit. If you find any problems with the joint, you should reheat it and apply more solder or remove the excess solder, depending on the situation. You should also clean the joint with alcohol or a flux remover to get rid of any residue or flux that can cause corrosion or interference.

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David Cortes ??

★??? ?????????? ?????? ????? ?? Control System Manager ?? MEng ?? Industrial Automation Expert ?? Industry4.0 ?? CMSE? - Certified Machinery Safety Expert ?? Control Panels ?? Schematics ?? CAD Drawings
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So many low costs electrical equipment and other components from Asia fail due for poor soldie. You can't beleive how many products are scrapped just because an internal soldie connection fail. So companies should pay more attention to this point.

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5 Practice and improve your skills

The best way to ensure a strong and reliable solder joint is to practice and improve your skills. Soldering is not only a technical skill, but also an art that requires patience, precision, and experience. You should always follow the instructions and specifications of your project, and use the appropriate tools and equipment for your task. You should also learn from your mistakes and seek feedback from other experts or peers. By practicing and improving your skills, you will be able to solder with confidence and quality.

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6 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Ulrich M.

Tech Marketing – Your Expert for Robotics & More ?? | Automation and Marketing on Point ?? I +132.500 Followers
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Really? Proper soldering is a job for engineers? I learned that in my first year of vocational training. If you still have to learn that as an engineer - well, good night!

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David Cortes ??

★??? ?????????? ?????? ????? ?? Control System Manager ?? MEng ?? Industrial Automation Expert ?? Industry4.0 ?? CMSE? - Certified Machinery Safety Expert ?? Control Panels ?? Schematics ?? CAD Drawings
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In electrical engineering the trends is plug and play. Let's make the component easy to connect and don't rely heavily on technician skills to make thinks work. So in my opinion the best soldie is the one is done by an automated machine program to do just so.

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How do you ensure a strong and reliable solder joint?

1

2

3

4

5

6

1 Choose the right solder

2 Clean and prepare the surfaces

3 Apply heat and solder correctly

4 Inspect and test the joint

5 Practice and improve your skills

6 Here’s what else to consider

Electrical Engineering

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How do you ensure a strong and reliable solder joint?

1

2

3

4

5

6

1 Choose the right solder

2 Clean and prepare the surfaces

3 Apply heat and solder correctly

4 Inspect and test the joint

5 Practice and improve your skills

6 Here’s what else to consider

Electrical Engineering

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