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How do you edit comedy and drama to achieve the desired emotional impact?

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Editing comedy and drama is not just about cutting and joining clips, but also about creating a rhythm, a tone, and a mood that match the genre and the story. Whether you want to make your audience laugh, cry, or both, you need to understand some basic principles and techniques of editing for different emotional effects. In this article, we will explore how you can edit comedy and drama to achieve the desired emotional impact, using examples from popular films and TV shows.

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Barry Farrell

Multi award winning Film Editor / Filmmaker. Over 25 years in both production and post production.

1 Timing is everything

One of the most important aspects of editing comedy and drama is timing. Timing refers to how long you hold a shot, when you cut to a reaction, how fast or slow you pace a scene, and how you use pauses, silences, and overlaps. Timing can create contrast, anticipation, surprise, suspense, and tension, depending on the context and the intention. For example, in comedy, timing can enhance a joke by cutting to a punchline at the right moment, or by delaying it to build up the expectation. In drama, timing can convey a character's emotion by lingering on their face, or by cutting away to show their isolation.

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Barry Farrell

Multi award winning Film Editor / Filmmaker. Over 25 years in both production and post production.
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I agree however this is far too simple. Comedy is far easier to get a reaction as it’s based far more on the acting than the edit. Most great comedy films are cut rather quickly from one dialogue to the next leaving a pause only for the laugh. Drama however is extremely complex with many editors getting it wrong. There are too many scenes that use what’s called ping pong editing…its a very annoying technique not worth exploring. In drama the story must live and die from expression be it mood, emotion or intention. It is conveyed through a character, object or event; it must reflect that desired expression perfectly and the editor must know for whom the expression is targeted In drama the edit must be as invisible as music.

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2 Sound and music

Another key element of editing comedy and drama is sound and music. Sound and music can support, amplify, or contradict the visual information, creating different layers of meaning and emotion. For example, in comedy, sound and music can add humor by exaggerating a sound effect, or by playing a contrasting or ironic song. In drama, sound and music can create atmosphere, mood, and emotion by using diegetic or non-diegetic sounds, or by choosing a suitable score or soundtrack. Sound and music can also create transitions, cues, and motifs that connect different scenes and characters.

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3 Continuity and discontinuity

A third aspect of editing comedy and drama is continuity and discontinuity. Continuity and discontinuity refer to how you maintain or break the spatial, temporal, and logical coherence of the story. Continuity editing follows the rules of the 180-degree system, the 30-degree rule, the eyeline match, and the match on action, to create a smooth and seamless flow of action and space. Discontinuity editing breaks these rules, creating jumps, gaps, or disruptions in the narrative. For example, in comedy, discontinuity editing can create humor by using jump cuts, flashbacks, or montages that disrupt the normal order of events. In drama, discontinuity editing can create confusion, shock, or mystery by using cross-cutting, parallel editing, or elliptical editing that create temporal or spatial contrasts.

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Barry Farrell

Multi award winning Film Editor / Filmmaker. Over 25 years in both production and post production.
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Excellent points. I would like to add the word “purpose” to this list. Without purpose the execution of disconnect images becomes a editorial mess that removes the viewer from the story. The editor must have a purpose using editing techniques to propel a story. Its is never enough to inject them due to lack of content or to look cool as is seen far too many times. The editor must know how the shape of the edit works. Randomly jump cutting a scene will lack any purpose whatsoever only showing ones lack of talent.The relationship between shots must have graphic flow one to the other, in order to keep the eye from bouncing around the screen removing the viewer from the story. Editing is craft, what we do with that craft becomes art.

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4 Genre conventions and expectations

A fourth aspect of editing comedy and drama is genre conventions and expectations. Genre conventions and expectations are the common features and patterns that define a genre and shape the audience's response. For example, in comedy, genre conventions and expectations include the use of gags, slapstick, satire, parody, or spoof, that create laughter and amusement. In drama, genre conventions and expectations include the use of conflict, suspense, tragedy, melodrama, or realism, that create empathy and catharsis. Editing comedy and drama requires an awareness of these genre conventions and expectations, and how to use them effectively, creatively, or subversively, depending on the purpose and the audience.

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Barry Farrell

Multi award winning Film Editor / Filmmaker. Over 25 years in both production and post production.
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Knowing these principles and how to execute them flawlessly is absolutely paramount for both director and editor. The reason for this knowledge and ability is simple The ability and the understanding of why you must avoid and throw out those conventions in order to achieve something truly great. For it is the expectation once met, that will bore your audience, giving them nothing more emotionally between the first frame and the last. Be it comedy, drama or documentary, by giving your audience nothing, you have cheated them out of more than time alone.

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5 Style and tone

A fifth aspect of editing comedy and drama is style and tone. Style and tone refer to how you express your artistic vision and your attitude towards the subject matter, using various editing techniques and choices. For example, in comedy, style and tone can range from subtle and witty, to outrageous and absurd, depending on the type of humor and the target audience. In drama, style and tone can range from serious and dramatic, to light and humorous, depending on the theme and the message. Editing comedy and drama requires a consistent and appropriate style and tone, that matches the genre, the story, and the audience.

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6 Feedback and revision

A final aspect of editing comedy and drama is feedback and revision. Feedback and revision are the processes of reviewing, evaluating, and improving your editing work, based on your own criteria, or the input of others. For example, in comedy, feedback and revision can help you test if your jokes work, if your timing is right, if your sound and music are funny, and if your style and tone are appealing. In drama, feedback and revision can help you check if your scenes are engaging, if your continuity and discontinuity are effective, if your sound and music are emotional, and if your genre conventions and expectations are met. Editing comedy and drama requires a willingness to receive and apply feedback, and to revise your work until you achieve the desired emotional impact.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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How do you edit comedy and drama to achieve the desired emotional impact?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Timing is everything

2 Sound and music

3 Continuity and discontinuity

4 Genre conventions and expectations

5 Style and tone

6 Feedback and revision

7 Here’s what else to consider

Film Production

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How do you edit comedy and drama to achieve the desired emotional impact?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Timing is everything

2 Sound and music

3 Continuity and discontinuity

4 Genre conventions and expectations

5 Style and tone

6 Feedback and revision

7 Here’s what else to consider

Film Production

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