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Last updated on 2024年7月7日

How do you cope with SoC security threats and vulnerabilities in the IoT era?

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System on a Chip (SoC) is a technology that integrates multiple components, such as processors, memory, sensors, and communication interfaces, on a single chip. SoC devices are widely used in the Internet of Things (IoT) applications, such as smart homes, wearables, industrial automation, and healthcare. However, SoC devices also face various security threats and vulnerabilities, such as physical attacks, side-channel attacks, malware, and network breaches. How do you cope with SoC security threats and vulnerabilities in the IoT era? Here are some tips and best practices to help you protect your SoC devices and data.

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Cmdr (Dr.?) Reji Kurien Thomas , FRSA, MLE?

I Empower Sectors as a Global Tech & Business Transformation Leader| Stephen Hawking Award 2024| Harvard Leader | UK…
Santhosh Kumar Rethinagiri

System Engineering | System Modelling | System Innovation | Functional and Senior Manager @ Infineon Technologies

1 Understand the risks

The first step to cope with SoC security threats and vulnerabilities is to understand the risks and challenges involved in SoC design and deployment. SoC devices have different security requirements and constraints than traditional computing systems, such as limited power, memory, and computing resources, heterogeneous architectures, and diverse application domains. Moreover, SoC devices are often exposed to hostile environments, where attackers can tamper with the hardware, extract sensitive information, or inject malicious code. Therefore, you need to identify the potential threats and vulnerabilities that affect your SoC devices, and assess their impact and likelihood.

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Cmdr (Dr.?) Reji Kurien Thomas , FRSA, MLE?

I Empower Sectors as a Global Tech & Business Transformation Leader| Stephen Hawking Award 2024| Harvard Leader | UK House of Lord's Awardee | Fellow Royal Society | CyberSec | CCISO CISM CCNP-S CEH
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Coping with SoC security threats and vulnerabilities in the IoT era involves – Understanding the risks by conducting thorough security assessments and threat modelling. Implementing robust encryption and secure boot processes to protect data and firmware. Utilising hardware-based security features like Trusted Execution Environments (TEE). Keeping firmware and software up to date with the latest security patches and updates. Adopting a 'security by design' approach to integrate security into the SoC development lifecycle. Engaging in continuous monitoring and vulnerability testing to detect and respond to threats promptly.

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Santhosh Kumar Rethinagiri

System Engineering | System Modelling | System Innovation | Functional and Senior Manager @ Infineon Technologies
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Tiny tech like smartwatches and connected cars face big security challenges! Unlike powerful computers, these devices have limited resources, making strong defenses difficult. The mix of chips and software creates a complex system vulnerable to attacks. Imagine a hacked thermostat messing with your home! By understanding these challenges and identifying potential threats, we can develop targeted security measures to keep our smart devices safe.

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2 Apply security by design

The second step to cope with SoC security threats and vulnerabilities is to apply security by design principles throughout the SoC development lifecycle. Security by design means that security is not an afterthought, but an integral part of the SoC architecture and design process. You need to define the security objectives, requirements, and specifications for your SoC devices, and implement them using appropriate techniques, such as encryption, authentication, integrity verification, isolation, and hardware security modules. You also need to verify and test the security of your SoC devices, and update them regularly to address any vulnerabilities or bugs.

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Santhosh Kumar Rethinagiri

System Engineering | System Modelling | System Innovation | Functional and Senior Manager @ Infineon Technologies
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After understanding the threats, we need to build security in from the start! Imagine designing a house - security features are planned throughout, not added as an afterthought. Similarly, SoCs for smart devices need security woven into their development. This means setting clear security goals and using techniques like encryption and hardware security modules to protect data. Regular testing and updates are crucial to keep these tiny tech titans safe!

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3 Adopt a layered approach

The third step to cope with SoC security threats and vulnerabilities is to adopt a layered approach to security. A layered approach means that you use multiple levels of defense to protect your SoC devices and data, such as physical, hardware, software, and network security. Each layer provides a different function and protection, and complements the other layers. For example, physical security can prevent unauthorized access to the SoC device, hardware security can prevent tampering or modification of the SoC chip, software security can prevent malware or unauthorized code execution, and network security can prevent data interception or manipulation.

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Santhosh Kumar Rethinagiri

System Engineering | System Modelling | System Innovation | Functional and Senior Manager @ Infineon Technologies
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Building a strong defense for our smart devices is like building a castle! We need layers of protection. Physical security is like a strong wall, hardware security is a reinforced gate, software security is vigilant guards, and network security is a hidden passage. By combining these layers, we can keep our data safe and our devices secure.

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4 Leverage standards and frameworks

The fourth step to cope with SoC security threats and vulnerabilities is to leverage standards and frameworks that provide guidelines and best practices for SoC security. Standards and frameworks can help you establish a common language and understanding of SoC security, and follow a consistent and systematic approach to security. Some examples of standards and frameworks for SoC security are the ISO/IEC 27000 series, the NIST Cybersecurity Framework, the IEC 62443 series, and the OWASP IoT Security Project.

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Santhosh Kumar Rethinagiri

System Engineering | System Modelling | System Innovation | Functional and Senior Manager @ Infineon Technologies
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Our tiny tech needs a security handbook! Standards like the NIST Cybersecurity Framework act as a guidebook, offering best practices and a common language for securing SoCs. Imagine following a recipe for a secure smart home - these frameworks provide the steps to ensure our devices are built strong from the start.

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5 Educate and train your team

The fifth step to cope with SoC security threats and vulnerabilities is to educate and train your team on SoC security. Your team includes not only the SoC developers and engineers, but also the end-users and stakeholders of your SoC devices. You need to raise awareness and knowledge of SoC security among your team, and provide them with the necessary skills and tools to implement and maintain SoC security. You also need to foster a culture of security in your organization, and encourage your team to follow the security policies and procedures.

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Santhosh Kumar Rethinagiri

System Engineering | System Modelling | System Innovation | Functional and Senior Manager @ Infineon Technologies
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Keeping our smart gadgets secure goes beyond tech - it's about teamwork! Everyone involved, from developers to users, needs to be aware of SoC security threats. Training and clear guidelines, like following a security recipe, are key. By building a culture of security, we can empower our teams to keep our tiny tech titans safe!

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6 Monitor and respond to incidents

The sixth step to cope with SoC security threats and vulnerabilities is to monitor and respond to incidents. Monitoring means that you collect and analyze data from your SoC devices and networks, and detect any anomalies or signs of compromise. Responding means that you take appropriate actions to contain, mitigate, and recover from any security incidents, and report them to the relevant authorities. You also need to learn from the incidents, and improve your SoC security measures and practices.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Cmdr (Dr.?) Reji Kurien Thomas , FRSA, MLE?

I Empower Sectors as a Global Tech & Business Transformation Leader| Stephen Hawking Award 2024| Harvard Leader | UK House of Lord's Awardee | Fellow Royal Society | CyberSec | CCISO CISM CCNP-S CEH
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Ensure that only trusted and verified firmware can run on the SoC. In a recent IoT project, we integrated a secure boot process that verified the digital signatures of the firmware before execution, preventing unauthorised or malicious code from running. Use cryptographic hash functions to verify the integrity of firmware during updates. We employed SHA-256 hashing to check the firmware’s integrity before installation, ensuring it had not been tampered with during transit. Implement hardware-based isolation techniques to separate critical processes. In a smart meter project, we utilised ARM TrustZone technology to create a secure environment for sensitive operations, isolating them from less critical tasks.

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How do you cope with SoC security threats and vulnerabilities in the IoT era?

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1 Understand the risks

2 Apply security by design

3 Adopt a layered approach

4 Leverage standards and frameworks

5 Educate and train your team

6 Monitor and respond to incidents

7 Here’s what else to consider

System on a Chip (SoC)

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