How do you conduct a GIS survey?

1 Choose your data sources

The first step in conducting a GIS survey is to decide what kind of data you need and where you will get it from. Data sources can include existing maps, satellite images, aerial photos, census records, field observations, or online databases. You should evaluate the quality, accuracy, and relevance of each data source before using it for your survey. You should also consider the format, scale, projection, and coordinate system of the data, and how they will affect your analysis and output.

2 Collect and organize your data

The next step is to collect and organize your data in a way that makes it easy to access, manage, and update. You can use various tools and software to import, convert, edit, and store your data in a GIS database. A GIS database is a collection of spatial and attribute data that can be queried, analyzed, and displayed in different ways. You should create a data dictionary that describes the structure, content, and metadata of your database, and follow the best practices and standards for data quality and consistency.

3 Analyze and model your data

The third step is to analyze and model your data to answer your research questions and meet your objectives. You can use different techniques and functions to perform spatial analysis, such as overlay, buffer, proximity, network, interpolation, or classification. You can also use statistical methods, such as regression, correlation, or clustering, to explore patterns and relationships in your data. You can create models that represent complex processes or scenarios using logical expressions, variables, and parameters.

4 Visualize and map your data

The fourth step is to visualize and map your data to communicate your findings and insights. You can use various tools and software to create maps, charts, graphs, or animations that show the spatial distribution, variation, or interaction of your data. You should design your maps with care and attention to the principles of cartography, such as scale, projection, symbology, color, legend, title, and labels. You should also consider the audience, purpose, and medium of your maps, and how they will influence your message and style.

5 Validate and verify your data

The fifth step is to validate and verify your data to ensure its reliability and validity. You can use different methods and measures to check the accuracy, completeness, and consistency of your data, such as error detection, correction, or prevention. You can also use peer review, feedback, or testing to evaluate the quality, relevance, and usefulness of your analysis and output. You should document any limitations, assumptions, or uncertainties in your data, and how they affect your results and conclusions.

6 Present and share your data

The final step is to present and share your data to inform, persuade, or educate your stakeholders or audience. You can use different formats and platforms to deliver your data, such as reports, presentations, websites, or apps. You should tailor your content, language, and tone to the needs and expectations of your audience, and use clear, concise, and compelling words and visuals to convey your message and recommendations. You should also cite your sources, acknowledge your contributions, and respect the ethics and privacy of your data.

7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?