How do you compare and contrast different exploratory testing techniques or approaches?

1 Session-based testing

Session-based testing is a technique that organizes exploratory testing into time-boxed sessions, usually between 60 and 120 minutes long, that focus on a specific charter or mission. The tester records the test coverage, the test results, and the test ideas in a session report or a session sheet. The session report can also include metrics such as session duration, session testability, and session bugs. Session-based testing helps exploratory testers manage their time, scope, and quality, as well as communicate their findings and progress to stakeholders.

2 Thread-based testing

Thread-based testing is a technique that organizes exploratory testing into threads, which are logical or functional areas of the system under test. The tester can switch between different threads as needed, depending on the feedback, the risks, and the opportunities. The tester documents the test coverage, the test results, and the test ideas in a thread report or a thread map. Thread-based testing helps exploratory testers navigate complex and interrelated systems, as well as prioritize and balance their testing efforts.

3 Scenario-based testing

Scenario-based testing is a technique that organizes exploratory testing into scenarios, which are realistic and meaningful user stories or use cases that describe how the system under test should behave in a given context. The tester designs and executes tests based on the scenario, and evaluates the system's performance, usability, and reliability. The tester documents the test coverage, the test results, and the test ideas in a scenario report or a scenario outline. Scenario-based testing helps exploratory testers simulate user behavior, expectations, and emotions, as well as verify the system's value and functionality.

4 Freestyle testing

Freestyle testing is a technique that does not impose any predefined structure or format on exploratory testing. The tester can explore the system under test freely, without any constraints or limitations. The tester can use any tools, methods, or heuristics that they find useful or interesting. The tester documents the test coverage, the test results, and the test ideas in any way that they prefer, such as notes, screenshots, videos, or sketches. Freestyle testing helps exploratory testers unleash their creativity, curiosity, and intuition, as well as discover unexpected or hidden issues or features.