How do you choose the right level of detail for your 3D models?

1 Know your target platform and audience

The first thing you need to consider when choosing the LOD for your 3D models is the target platform and audience of your project. Different platforms have different capabilities and limitations in terms of rendering, memory, and processing power. For example, a high-end PC can handle more LOD than a mobile device or a web browser. Similarly, different audiences have different expectations and preferences in terms of realism, style, and immersion. For example, a hardcore gamer might demand more LOD than a casual user or a client. Therefore, you need to research and test your target platform and audience to determine the optimal range and quality of LOD for your 3D models.

2 Use LOD levels and transitions

One way to optimize the LOD for your 3D models is to use LOD levels and transitions. LOD levels are different versions of the same model with varying degrees of detail, usually ranging from high to low. LOD transitions are the rules and methods that determine when and how to switch between different LOD levels, depending on the distance, angle, or other factors. For example, you can use LOD levels and transitions to make a distant building look simpler and less detailed, but when the camera gets closer, it switches to a more detailed and realistic version. This way, you can save resources and performance by only rendering the necessary LOD at any given time and situation.

3 Simplify and optimize your geometry and textures

Another way to optimize the LOD for your 3D models is to simplify and optimize your geometry and textures. Geometry refers to the shape and structure of your model, defined by polygons and vertices. Textures refer to the images and colors that cover your model, defined by pixels and maps. Simplifying and optimizing your geometry and textures means reducing the number and size of these elements without compromising the quality and appearance of your model. For example, you can simplify and optimize your geometry by using fewer polygons, merging vertices, deleting hidden faces, or using modifiers and tools. You can simplify and optimize your textures by using smaller resolutions, compressing files, reusing images, or using procedural or baked textures.

4 Use normal maps and other techniques to fake detail

A third way to optimize the LOD for your 3D models is to use normal maps and other techniques to fake detail. Normal maps are special textures that create the illusion of depth and detail on a flat surface by changing the way light reflects on it. Normal maps can make a low-poly model look more detailed and realistic without adding extra geometry. Other techniques to fake detail include using ambient occlusion, shadows, reflections, or post-processing effects. These techniques can enhance the appearance and atmosphere of your 3D models by adding contrast, depth, and realism without increasing the LOD.

5 Test and adjust your LOD according to feedback and results

The final tip to choose the right LOD for your 3D models is to test and adjust your LOD according to feedback and results. Testing and adjusting your LOD means measuring and evaluating the performance, quality, and impact of your 3D models on your project and your audience. You can use various tools and methods to test and adjust your LOD, such as benchmarks, statistics, previews, or user feedback. For example, you can test and adjust your LOD by checking the frame rate, memory usage, loading time, or visual quality of your 3D models. You can also test and adjust your LOD by asking for feedback from your peers, clients, or users. Based on the feedback and results, you can fine-tune your LOD to achieve the best balance and outcome for your 3D models.

6 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?