How do you choose the best graphs and tables for your data?

1 Know your purpose

Before you decide what kind of graph or table to use, you need to think about what you want to achieve with your data. What is the main message or argument that you want to convey? What are the key points or comparisons that you want to highlight? How do you want to organize and structure your data? Your purpose will guide you to choose the best format and design for your graphs and tables, as well as the level of detail and complexity that you need to include.

2 Know your data

Another factor that influences your choice of graphs and tables is the type and characteristics of your data. Different data types require different visual representations, such as numerical, categorical, temporal, spatial, or relational data. For example, if you have numerical data that shows a trend over time, you might use a line graph or a bar chart. If you have categorical data that shows the distribution of a variable, you might use a pie chart or a table. If you have spatial data that shows the location of a phenomenon, you might use a map or a diagram. If you have relational data that shows the correlation or causation between two or more variables, you might use a scatter plot or a table.

3 Know your audience

Finally, you need to consider who will read and interpret your graphs and tables, and what their expectations and preferences are. Your audience can be your peers, your supervisors, your reviewers, or your general public, and they might have different levels of familiarity and interest in your topic and your data. You need to tailor your graphs and tables to suit your audience, by choosing the most relevant and accessible information, using clear and consistent labels and legends, providing explanations and interpretations, and avoiding jargon and technical terms.

By following these three steps, you can choose the best graphs and tables for your data, and enhance the quality and impact of your academic writing. Graphs and tables can help you showcase your data in a visually appealing and informative way, but they also require careful planning and execution. Remember to always check the guidelines and standards of your field and your journal, and to review and revise your graphs and tables before submitting your article.

4 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?