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How do you balance aesthetics and accessibility when creating a website?

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Accessibility is the practice of making your website usable and enjoyable for people with different abilities, such as vision, hearing, mobility, or cognitive impairments. It is not only a legal and ethical obligation, but also a way to improve your user experience and reach a wider audience. In this article, you will learn how to conduct accessibility audits for your websites, using a combination of tools and techniques.

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1 Why accessibility matters

Accessibility is not only about adhering to standards and regulations, such as the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) or the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), but also about providing a positive and inclusive user experience for all. Making your website accessible can result in increased customer satisfaction, enhanced brand reputation and social responsibility, reduced legal risks and costs, improved SEO and performance, and expanded market share and reach.

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Vanessa Jimenez

Lead Product Designer | UX/UI Design Expert | Digital Solutions | Cross-functional Leadership | Bilingual (English/Spanish)
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Accessibility it’s also about the environment and how we can facilitate access to the content and digital experiences to humans that not only experience the world in different ways but also, should be a matter of how we prepare design products/services for constrains such as low internet access, low digital literacy among so many issues… including accessibility into processes shouldn’t be a privilege or a cool add-on. Should be a must on every product design process.

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Sadek Elfezzani

Aspiring Product Design Lead · Design Mentor · AI Enthusiast & Crafting Storytelling Brands & Lasting Experiences.
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Accessibility goes beyond simple formality; it embodies a commitment to inclusivity and a response to the increasing demand for accessibility in the digital age. Ensuring equal access and opportunities for all individuals, regardless of their abilities, is essential for those involved in building or designing something. We need to advocate more strongly for businesses and organizations that do not prioritize accessibility. The ultimate goal of accessibility is to actively contribute to creating a more inclusive online world for everyone.

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2 What is an accessibility audit

An accessibility audit is a systematic evaluation of how well your website meets the accessibility requirements and best practices. It involves checking your website against the WCAG criteria, which are divided into four principles: perceivable, operable, understandable, and robust. Each principle has several guidelines and success criteria, which are rated as level A, AA, or AAA, depending on their importance and difficulty.

An accessibility audit can be done manually, automatically, or with a combination of both methods. Manual audits involve using a browser, a keyboard, a screen reader, and other assistive technologies to test your website from the perspective of different users. Automatic audits involve using tools and plugins that scan your website and generate reports and suggestions for improvement.

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3 How to prepare for an accessibility audit

Prior to launching an accessibility audit, it is essential to have a specific goal and scope for your project. Questions such as who your target users are and what their needs and preferences are, what features and functions of your website affect accessibility, which accessibility standards and regulations apply, and how you will measure and report results should all be answered. Additionally, resources and tools such as a list of pages and elements to test, a checklist of accessibility criteria and best practices, as well as a tool for recording and documenting findings should be gathered. These can include the WCAG quick reference guide, the WAVE web accessibility evaluation tool, a spreadsheet, a word processor, or a screen capture software.

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4 How to perform an accessibility audit

Once you have prepared for your accessibility audit, you can begin testing your website by selecting a page or element to test, opening it in your browser, and running an automatic tool or plugin to scan it. Review the results and verify them manually by using a keyboard, a screen reader, or other assistive technologies. Take note of any issues or recommendations for improvement and assign them a priority and responsibility. Continue this process for each page or element until you have covered your scope.

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Ken Frederick
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Relying on automated processes and accessibility tools for testing is an excellent way to establish user empathy. However, connecting with real people who use these tools every day to navigate the digital world is truly eye-opening. The cognitive implications of digital experiences are all too often overlooked, and direct observation of a person's actual experience provides invaluable long-term insights.

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5 How to analyze and report your accessibility audit

After you have completed your accessibility audit, it is necessary to analyze and report your findings and recommendations. These should include the main accessibility issues and opportunities for your website, how they affect user experience and business goals, best practices and solutions for addressing them, costs and benefits of implementing them, as well as next steps and timelines for improvement. It is also important to present your results and recommendations in a clear and concise way, such as with charts, graphs, tables, screenshots, or videos. Additionally, you should tailor the report to your audience and purpose; whether it is for internal or external stakeholders, technical or non-technical people, or informative or persuasive purposes.

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John Freire

Senior Product Designer | B.Des. | B2B | SaaS and prototyping geek
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Additionally an action plan should soon follow suite when necessary. Allowing for adjustments which further the accessibility of a product through continuous improvement. Oftentimes that information can be left as a "low priority" item due to the lift required, and having an action plan draft can help mitigate that.

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How do you balance aesthetics and accessibility when creating a website?

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1 Why accessibility matters

2 What is an accessibility audit

3 How to prepare for an accessibility audit

4 How to perform an accessibility audit

5 How to analyze and report your accessibility audit

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