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How do you adjust flash duration to freeze or blur motion in studio photography?

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Flash duration is the time it takes for a flash to emit its full power of light. It can affect how you capture motion in studio photography, depending on how fast or slow your subject is moving. In this article, you will learn how to adjust flash duration to freeze or blur motion in studio photography, and how to balance it with sync speed and ambient light.

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Marcus Ahmad

?? Commercial Photographer ?? Branding Photographer ?? Lifestyle Photographer ?? Marketing Photographer ??Educator…
Harry Hall

Printer, Book producer, Professional Headshot and Corporate Photographer
Richard Rodamar

Photographer & Owner at Richard Rodamar Imagery

1 What is sync speed?

Sync speed is the fastest shutter speed that your camera can use to synchronize with your flash. If you use a faster shutter speed, you will get a black band across your image, because the shutter curtains will block part of the flash. Sync speed varies depending on your camera model, but it is usually around 1/200s or 1/250s. You can check your camera manual or use a flash meter to find out your sync speed.

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2 How does flash duration affect motion?

Flash duration is measured in fractions of a second, such as 1/1000s or 1/2000s. The shorter the flash duration, the more it can freeze motion, because it emits a burst of light in a very short time. The longer the flash duration, the more it can blur motion, because it emits a continuous stream of light for a longer time. You can control flash duration by changing the power output of your flash. The lower the power, the shorter the flash duration, and vice versa.

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Marcus Ahmad

?? Commercial Photographer ?? Branding Photographer ?? Lifestyle Photographer ?? Marketing Photographer ??Educator ???Podcaster ??Bass Player ???? Cyclist
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Part 2. 6. Light coming from the side of a subject will show more texture than a front-on light which will give a flat light 7. The closer you place a light to a subject the quicker it falls off - ie the inverse square law 8. Light travels in straight lines 9. Flash light varies in speed - so if you want to freeze a moving subject choose one with a fast flash duration 10. If using flash outside especially on a sunny day you will need a lot more power than in a studio.

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3 How to freeze motion with flash duration?

To freeze motion with flash duration, you need to use a low power setting on your flash, such as 1/16 or 1/32. This will give you a short flash duration, such as 1/2000s or 1/4000s, that can stop fast-moving subjects like dancers or athletes. You also need to use a fast shutter speed, such as 1/125s or 1/250s, that is within your sync speed range. This will reduce the amount of ambient light that can blur your subject. You may need to increase your ISO or aperture to compensate for the low flash power and shutter speed.

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Marcus Ahmad

?? Commercial Photographer ?? Branding Photographer ?? Lifestyle Photographer ?? Marketing Photographer ??Educator ???Podcaster ??Bass Player ???? Cyclist
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10 Rules of Using Flash Lighting: 1. There are only two types of light - Hard Light and Soft Light (but many variations in between) 2. A Hard light has more contrast than a soft light 3. The closer to the subject the softer the light and consequently move the light further away and it becomes softer 4. Light can be Direct or Indirect 5. A shadow can have a hard edge with high contrast from a hard light or a soft edge with low contrast from a soft light more to follow...

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4 How to blur motion with flash duration?

To blur motion with flash duration, you need to use a high power setting on your flash, such as 1/2 or 1/1. This will give you a long flash duration, such as 1/500s or 1/250s, that can create a motion trail behind your subject. You also need to use a slow shutter speed, such as 1/15s or 1/30s, that is below your sync speed range. This will allow more ambient light to mix with your flash and create a sense of movement. You may need to decrease your ISO or aperture to prevent overexposure from the high flash power and shutter speed.

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Harry Hall

Printer, Book producer, Professional Headshot and Corporate Photographer
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Note that the blurred element results from the ambient exposure, not the flash. If you want the image of a moving subject to have the blurred trail behind it, the flash needs to synchronise with the closing of the shutter. This is termed Rear Curtain Sync on a focal plane shutter.

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5 How to balance flash duration and ambient light?

Flash duration and ambient light are two factors that affect the exposure and mood of your studio photography. You can balance them by using a flash meter, a light meter, or a histogram to measure the ratio of flash to ambient light in your scene. A general rule of thumb is to use a 2:1 ratio, where the flash is twice as bright as the ambient light. This will give you a balanced exposure and a natural look. You can adjust the ratio by changing the power of your flash, the distance of your flash from your subject, or the position of your flash relative to your subject.

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Richard Rodamar

Photographer & Owner at Richard Rodamar Imagery
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The ambient light will more likely be of a different color than the flash. Unless the ambient light is color corrected as the flash is. Could be a good thing ?

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6 How to experiment with flash duration and motion?

Flash duration and motion are two elements that can add creativity and dynamism to your studio photography. You can experiment with them by trying different combinations of flash power, shutter speed, and ambient light. You can also use different modifiers, such as softboxes, umbrellas, or grids, to change the quality and direction of your flash. You can also use different techniques, such as rear curtain sync, panning, or zooming, to create different effects with your flash and motion.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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How do you adjust flash duration to freeze or blur motion in studio photography?

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1 What is sync speed?

2 How does flash duration affect motion?

3 How to freeze motion with flash duration?

4 How to blur motion with flash duration?

5 How to balance flash duration and ambient light?

6 How to experiment with flash duration and motion?

7 Here’s what else to consider

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