FMEA, or failure mode and effects analysis, is a tool for identifying and prioritizing potential risks and failures in a process or product. It can help you improve the quality of a mobile app by preventing or reducing defects, enhancing user satisfaction, and saving time and money. In this article, you will learn how to use FMEA to improve the quality of a mobile app in four steps.
The first step is to define the scope of your FMEA project. You need to specify the app's features, functions, and requirements, as well as the intended users, scenarios, and objectives. You also need to determine the criteria and metrics for measuring the app's quality, such as performance, reliability, usability, security, and compatibility. Defining the scope will help you focus on the most relevant and important aspects of your app.
Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is a systematic method for evaluating processes, products, or systems to identify potential failure modes, their causes, and the effects on overall performance. Applying FMEA to a mobile app development process can help improve quality by proactively identifying and addressing potential issues before they impact users. Therefore, applying systematically FMEA to the mobile app development process, you can proactively identify and mitigate potential issues, resulting in a higher-quality app that meets user expectations and performs reliably across various scenarios
The second step is to identify the possible failure modes of your app. A failure mode is a way that your app can fail to meet the quality criteria or the user expectations. For example, some failure modes of a mobile app could be crashes, errors, bugs, slow loading, poor design, data loss, or security breaches. You can use various methods to identify the failure modes, such as brainstorming, testing, feedback, or historical data.
En el proceso FMEA de una aplicación de reserva de vuelos, los modos de error identificados pueden incluir bloqueos inesperados, errores en la interfaz, fallos en el procesamiento de pagos, carga lenta, dise?o poco intuitivo, pérdida de datos y violaciones de seguridad. Para detectar estos errores, se utilizarían métodos como brainstorming con el equipo de desarrollo, pruebas de usuario, análisis de comentarios de clientes y revisión de datos históricos de problemas. Este paso es crucial para priorizar mejoras y asegurar una experiencia de usuario segura y efectiva.
The third step is to analyze the effects and causes of each failure mode. The effects are the consequences or impacts of the failure on the app's quality or the user's experience. The causes are the factors or sources that contribute to or trigger the failure. You can use tools such as fishbone diagrams, 5 whys, or root cause analysis to analyze the effects and causes. For each failure mode, you need to document the effects and causes in a table or spreadsheet.
En la aplicación de reserva de vuelos, el análisis FMEA revela problemas como bloqueos, errores de interfaz, fallos en pagos, carga lenta, dise?o poco intuitivo y pérdida de datos, causados por factores como errores de software, dise?o deficiente y problemas de servidor. Estos problemas afectan negativamente la experiencia del usuario y la eficiencia de la aplicación.
The fourth step is to prioritize and mitigate the risks of each failure mode. The risks are the likelihood and severity of the failure occurring and affecting the app's quality or the user's satisfaction. You can use a formula or a scale to calculate or assign a risk priority number (RPN) to each failure mode. The higher the RPN, the higher the risk. You need to rank the failure modes by their RPN and focus on the ones with the highest risk. You also need to develop and implement actions or strategies to prevent, reduce, or eliminate the failure modes or their effects and causes. You can use tools such as corrective actions, preventive actions, contingency plans, or design changes to mitigate the risks.
By using FMEA to improve the quality of a mobile app, you can identify and prioritize the potential risks and failures of your app, and take proactive measures to address them. This can help you improve your app's performance, reliability, usability, security, and compatibility, and enhance your user's satisfaction and loyalty.
Além de classificar os modos de falha por maior risco, é importante observar os quick wins - problemas que você consegue solucionar rápido. Ainda que de menor impacto para redu??o da falha, esses ganhos rápidos somados podem trazem uma melhora de curto prazo significativa. Quando se trata de aplicativos, pensamento efetual, agilidade e atua??o hands on s?o mandatórios.
Este momento é crucial e complexo. Ao identificarmos e isolarmos as causas, é necessário compreender o estágio atual do projeto para priorizar a corre??o de falhas mais críticas, minimizando o impacto. Este procedimento efetivamente aumenta a possibilidade de reduzir a frequência de falhas ou eliminá-las, tornando os processos mais assertivos. Contudo, é crucial considerar o fator humano, exigindo total alinhamento da equipe e o desenvolvimento da inteligência emocional para separar o projeto das emo??es. Todos devem entender que a abordagem visa aprimorar a saúde do aplicativo, n?o sendo um ataque pessoal aos colegas.
Un aspecto crucial del AMFE al que ningún artículo hace referencia, es el mantenimiento del AMFE. Ya sea un AMFE de dise?o o de proceso, estos deben mantenerse actualizados. Un AMFE actualizado te muestra la evolución de tu sistema de gestión y mejora continua, así como tus debilidades ya que observarás que tienes valores de NPR que no consigues subir. Así que a la hora de dise?ar un AMFE, es muy importante que te plantees como lo vas a mantener, es decir: - con que frecuencia vas a actualizar. - de donde y como vas a obtener los datos para que el proceso de cálculo del NPR sea automático o semi-automático - con que frecuencia realizarás revisiones completas.