How can you storyboard a scene with complex visual effects?

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Storyboarding is a crucial step in planning and visualizing a film scene, especially when it involves complex visual effects (VFX). VFX are computer-generated images or animations that enhance or alter the live-action footage. They can range from subtle enhancements like removing wires or adding reflections, to creating fantastical creatures, environments, or actions. In this article, you will learn how to storyboard a scene with complex VFX, and what challenges and solutions you may encounter along the way.

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Jeeva Film Director

Film Director/ Producer at Indian Film Industry
Kira Premack

VFX Artist at IllFonic

1 Define the VFX

The first step is to define the VFX that you want to use in your scene, and why they are necessary. What is the purpose and function of the VFX? How do they serve the story, the characters, or the mood? How do they interact with the live-action elements? How realistic or stylized do they need to be? You should have a clear vision of the VFX before you start drawing, and communicate it to your team, your client, or your director.

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Jeeva Film Director

Film Director/ Producer at Indian Film Industry
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VFX can enhance storytelling by enabling the visualization of scenes that are challenging or dangerous to film in reality, and in some cases, using VFX can be more cost-effective than building physical sets or props. It can save time and money, especially for scenes involving extensive changes or complex element in scenes . It is commonly used in action films to create dynamic and physically impossible stunts, and explosions. So define the VFX in our Scene and what we need and how we are going to do it.

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Kira Premack

VFX Artist at IllFonic
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VFX are time consuming to create. While they can be built to be readily adjusted, that can ALSO take a lot of time. Defining clear objectives and requirements early on, like in the storyboarding stage, will save LOADS of time down the line during production, especially if what’s needed isn’t something you can find in the marketplace or easily make with existing tools. Having your VFX needs defined early on also allows your VFX team to spend the early dev time, while the scene/game is still being assembled on research and prototyping, so that when it’s time for them to start building effects they can get right to work, AND have everything they need to do the job well.

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2 Sketch the key frames

The next step is to sketch the key frames of your scene, showing the most important moments, actions, or changes. You can use any medium or tool that you prefer, such as paper, digital, or 3D. The key frames should show the composition, the perspective, the lighting, and the movement of the VFX and the live-action elements. You should also indicate the camera angle, the focal length, the depth of field, and the motion blur. The key frames should convey the overall mood and tone of the scene, as well as the emotional impact of the VFX.

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Kira Premack

VFX Artist at IllFonic
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VFX key frames should convey movement, shape, and material changes, in that order. If your storyboard artist doesn’t have VFX animation experience it may be a good idea to hand the VFX-heavy scenes’ boards over to your lead VFX artist for a clarity pass. A good VFX artist can do a lot with some scribbles and a description, but for anything that impacts the story it’s better to have clear direction.

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3 Add the details and annotations

The third step is to add the details and annotations to your key frames, to make them more clear and informative. The details can include the textures, the colors, the shadows, the reflections, and the special effects of the VFX and the live-action elements. The annotations can include the dialogue, the sound effects, the music, the timing, the transitions, and the technical specifications of the VFX and the live-action elements. The details and annotations should help you and your team to understand how the scene will look and sound, and how it will be executed.

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4 Review and revise

The fourth step is to review and revise your storyboard, to make sure it meets your goals and expectations. You should check your storyboard for consistency, accuracy, clarity, and creativity. You should also get feedback from your team, your client, or your director, and make any necessary changes or improvements. You should also test your storyboard with animatics, pre-visualization, or mock-ups, to see how the scene will play out in motion and in real time.

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5 Collaborate and communicate

The fifth step is to collaborate and communicate with your team, your client, or your director, to ensure a smooth and successful production of your scene. You should share your storyboard with the VFX artists, the cinematographers, the editors, the sound designers, and the actors, and explain your vision and your intentions. You should also listen to their suggestions, questions, or concerns, and address them accordingly. You should also update your storyboard as the production progresses, and document any changes or revisions.

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6 Finalize and deliver

The final step is to finalize and deliver your storyboard, to complete your scene with complex VFX. You should make sure your storyboard is clear, complete, and consistent, and that it matches the final output of the scene. You should also format your storyboard according to the specifications of your team, your client, or your director, and export it in the appropriate file type and size. You should also archive your storyboard for future reference or reuse.

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Kira Premack

VFX Artist at IllFonic
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Having “complete” VFX at this stage is not the correct way to look at it. There should be a complete and clear visual outline for the VFX at the storyboard stage.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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How can you storyboard a scene with complex visual effects?

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1 Define the VFX

2 Sketch the key frames

3 Add the details and annotations

4 Review and revise

5 Collaborate and communicate

6 Finalize and deliver

7 Here’s what else to consider

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