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How can you protect HTML5 web and service workers?

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HTML5 web and service workers are powerful features that enable web applications to run in the background, perform tasks without user interaction, and sync data across devices. However, they also pose some security risks, such as exposing sensitive data, executing malicious code, or leaking resources. In this article, you will learn some best practices to protect your HTML5 web and service workers from common threats and vulnerabilities.

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Lonv'ha KPETO

Software developer @ Desjardins | {Terraform, JSNAD} Certified
Sini?a Spasojevi?

Software Developer
Wil Brown

Grow your WordPress business. I help WordPress developers and designers get more clients and increase monthly revenue…

1 Use HTTPS and secure origins

One of the most basic and essential steps to protect your HTML5 web and service workers is to use HTTPS and secure origins. HTTPS is a protocol that encrypts the communication between your web server and your browser, preventing anyone from intercepting, modifying, or stealing your data. Secure origins are web addresses that start with HTTPS or localhost, and they are required to register and use web and service workers. Using HTTPS and secure origins will also enable you to use other security features, such as Content Security Policy (CSP) and Subresource Integrity (SRI).

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Lonv'ha KPETO

Software developer @ Desjardins | {Terraform, JSNAD} Certified
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When protecting the website with HTTPS also make sure data breaches are corrected. Put these in your checklist: - Always send sensitive data by HTTP POST Method, - Prevent CORS situations (Search CORS mdn for more details), - Make sure authentication and authorization rules are respected before any sensitive server side data access, - Encrypt the exchanged data between the client and the server, - Pass security headers to prevent HTML page compromission, - Prevent CSRF attacks, - Apply server hardening when configuring the HTTPS server, - Update frequently to fix security breaches, - Watch over the system like a lion!

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Sini?a Spasojevi?

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Origin CA certificate installed on server to ensure true end-to-end encryption should be a must-have today. It is misleading that just by having HTTPS, your connection is truly end-to-end encrypted. CloudFlare for instance (a popular CDN service), gives options such as "Flexible", which from user's perspective is a connection HTTPS with SSL certificate, however, it is only for connection between user and CloudFlare, but it still uses port 80 between CloudFlare and the source (eg. S3 or EC2 instance), making it possible for man-in-a-middle attack regardless user sees SSL enabled connection.

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2 Validate and sanitize inputs and outputs

Validation means checking that the data you receive or send is in the expected format, type, and range, and rejecting any invalid or malicious data. Sanitization means removing or escaping any potentially harmful characters or code from the data, such as HTML tags, scripts, or SQL commands. Validating and sanitizing inputs and outputs will help you prevent common attacks, such as cross-site scripting (XSS), SQL injection, or remote code execution.

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Wil Brown

Grow your WordPress business. I help WordPress developers and designers get more clients and increase monthly revenue to build a sustainable and profitable business. Connect and ask how ??♀?
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Sanitising all incoming data, especially input directly from humans, is an absolute must for a developer. I'm a WordPress expert and I regularly see websites compromised because a bit of plugin code didn't properly sanitize and check the incoming data. Be nice to other developers and systems by also checking that your outgoing data is formatted correctly.

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3 Implement CORS and CSP

Implement Cross-Origin Resource Sharing (CORS) and Content Security Policy (CSP). CORS is a mechanism that allows you to control which origins can access your web resources, such as images, fonts, or scripts. CSP is a directive that allows you to specify which sources can load and execute content on your web page, such as inline scripts, stylesheets, or frames. Implementing CORS and CSP will help you prevent unauthorized access, cross-site request forgery (CSRF), or data exfiltration.

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Kamran Sadin

CTO | C# Mentor | Software Engineer | Senior C# and .NET Developer
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Subresource Integrity (SRI) can be used to verify the integrity of the code and data that your web page and web workers load from external sources.

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4 Use cache and storage APIs securely

Cache and storage APIs are interfaces that allow you to store and retrieve data locally on the browser, such as the Cache API, the IndexedDB API, or the Web Storage API. These APIs are useful for improving performance, offline functionality, and data persistence. However, they also pose some security challenges, such as data leakage, tampering, or deletion. To use cache and storage APIs securely, encrypt sensitive data, use secure origins, limit access permissions, and implement expiration policies.

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Wil Brown

Grow your WordPress business. I help WordPress developers and designers get more clients and increase monthly revenue to build a sustainable and profitable business. Connect and ask how ??♀?
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Speed is everything, as far as website owners are concerned, to get good SEO results. As developers, we should use as many caching techniques as possible to give a speed boost. As a WordPress developer, I use transients whenever retrieving data from a query. Multiple database queries are costly, so if you can pull the data straight from a transient, that's a winner-winner chicken dinner. Ensure that your transient caching times are smart do the data being delivered isn't missing out on new data. Consider allowing the client to clear transients from the admin dashboard or being able to set the frequency of caching themselves.

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5 Handle errors and exceptions gracefully

Errors and exceptions are inevitable in any web application, and they can occur for various reasons, such as network failures, invalid inputs, or logic bugs. However, how you handle them can make a difference between a smooth user experience and a security breach. To handle errors and exceptions gracefully, avoid exposing sensitive information, such as stack traces, error messages, or debug logs. Additionally, log and report errors to a trusted server, and provide clear and helpful feedback to the user.

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6 Test and audit your web and service workers

Testing and auditing are essential processes to ensure that your web and service workers function correctly, meet your requirements, and comply with the best security standards. Test and audit your web and service workers regularly using different tools and methods, such as unit tests, integration tests, end-to-end tests, code reviews, static analysis, dynamic analysis, or penetration testing.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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How can you protect HTML5 web and service workers?

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1 Use HTTPS and secure origins

2 Validate and sanitize inputs and outputs

3 Implement CORS and CSP

4 Use cache and storage APIs securely

5 Handle errors and exceptions gracefully

6 Test and audit your web and service workers

7 Here’s what else to consider

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