How can you perform a network security gap analysis?

1 Define the scope

The first step is to define the scope of your network security gap analysis. This means deciding which network segments, devices, applications, and data you want to include in the assessment. You should also determine the objectives, criteria, and metrics that you will use to measure your network security performance and compliance. For example, you may want to align your network security gap analysis with a specific framework, such as NIST, ISO, or CIS.

2 Collect the data

The next step is to collect the data that will help you to identify and evaluate your network security gaps. You can use various methods and tools to gather the data, such as network scans, audits, interviews, surveys, logs, and reports. You should collect both quantitative and qualitative data, such as network topology, configuration, policies, procedures, incidents, and feedback. You should also document the sources, methods, and results of your data collection.

3 Analyze the data

The third step is to analyze the data that you collected and compare it with your network security objectives, criteria, and metrics. You should look for any discrepancies, inconsistencies, or deviations that indicate a network security gap. For example, you may find that your network devices are not updated with the latest patches, your network policies are not enforced or followed, or your network incidents are not reported or resolved. You should also rank the network security gaps according to their severity, impact, and likelihood.

4 Report the findings

The fourth step is to report the findings of your network security gap analysis to the relevant stakeholders, such as management, IT staff, or external auditors. You should present a clear and concise summary of your network security gaps, their root causes, their consequences, and their priorities. You should also include recommendations and action plans for addressing the network security gaps. You should use visual aids, such as charts, graphs, or tables, to illustrate your findings and support your arguments.

5 Implement the solutions

The fifth step is to implement the solutions that you proposed for addressing your network security gaps. You should follow a systematic and structured approach for executing your action plans, such as defining the roles, responsibilities, timelines, and resources for each task. You should also monitor and measure the progress and outcomes of your implementation, such as the reduction of network security risks, the improvement of network security performance, and the achievement of network security compliance.

6 Review and update

The sixth and final step is to review and update your network security gap analysis on a regular basis. You should evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of your solutions, as well as the changes and trends in your network environment, systems, and data. You should also identify and address any new or emerging network security gaps that may arise. You should use feedback, lessons learned, and best practices to improve your network security gap analysis process and results.

7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?