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How can you measure the impact of mindfulness on children's resilience?

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Mindfulness is the practice of paying attention to the present moment with curiosity and kindness. It can help children cope with stress, regulate their emotions, and develop a positive self-image. But how can you measure the impact of mindfulness on children's resilience? Resilience is the ability to bounce back from challenges and adapt to changing situations. In this article, you will learn about some of the tools and methods that researchers and educators use to assess the effects of mindfulness on children's resilience.

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Nicole Urdang, MS, NCC, DHM, LMHC

Holistic Psychotherapist

1 Mindfulness-based interventions

Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are programs that teach children mindfulness skills through activities, exercises, and discussions. Some examples of MBIs are Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction for Teens (MBSR-T), Mindful Schools, and Learning to Breathe. These programs vary in length, format, and content, but they all aim to help children cultivate awareness, compassion, and self-regulation. MBIs are usually delivered in schools, clinics, or community settings by trained instructors or teachers.

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Nicole Urdang, MS, NCC, DHM, LMHC

Holistic Psychotherapist
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Children are the exemplars of mindfulness. As for mindfulness helping them with self-regulation, that works best when a parent or teacher provides some guidance on how to process strong emotions: noticing it, naming it, and sitting with it. Sitting with less desirable feelings, whether we are five or 55, we makes them feel safer. When a child is encouraged to ditch a strong negative feelings they tend to conflate those emotions it with themselves and think they are bad. This all happens unconsciously. The next time that bad feeling shows up, they unconsciously shoot themselves with the Buddha’s second arrow. The first arrow is the feeling or experience. The second one is when we negatively rate ourselves for having the experience.

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2 Resilience measures

Resilience measures are tools that evaluate how children respond to stress, adversity, and trauma. They can be self-report questionnaires, interviews, observations, or behavioral tasks. Some examples of resilience measures are the Resilience Scale for Children and Adolescents (RSCA), the Child and Youth Resilience Measure (CYRM), and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). These measures assess different aspects of resilience, such as personal strengths, social support, coping skills, and optimism.

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3 Mindfulness measures

Mindfulness measures are tools that assess how mindful children are in their daily lives. They can also be self-report questionnaires, interviews, observations, or behavioral tasks. Some examples of mindfulness measures are the Child and Adolescent Mindfulness Measure (CAMM), the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale for Adolescents (MAAS-A), and the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire for Children (FFMQ-C). These measures evaluate different facets of mindfulness, such as attention, awareness, acceptance, non-judgment, and non-reactivity.

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4 Research findings

Research findings on the impact of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) on children's resilience are varied. Studies have shown that MBIs can improve children's self-esteem, self-compassion, and self-efficacy, as well as reduce anxiety, depression, and stress. Additionally, MBIs have been found to enhance emotional regulation, problem-solving, and positive coping skills, as well as foster social-emotional learning, empathy, and prosocial behavior - all essential components of resilience.

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Nicole Urdang, MS, NCC, DHM, LMHC

Holistic Psychotherapist
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For children, it can be a constant dance between feeling safe in an out in the environment and feeling unsafe. Therefore, anything that gives them even a smidgen of agency is wonderful. I love teaching children the Jin Shin Jyutsu finger holds. You can find details here: https://www.flowsforlife.com/self-help-that-works-as-easy-as-holding-a-finger/ I like the mnemonic STOP WORRY FAST. It reminds you to hold The thumb for worry finger for fear or anxiety The middle finger for anger The ring finger for sadness or grief The pinky finger for overwhelm, or feeling too much It’s a great practice for anyone of any age, and can do it in public. As you fall sleep, practice holding whichever finger expresses your strongest emotion.

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5 Practical implications

Practical implications stemming from the research findings can be beneficial for parents, teachers, policymakers, and practitioners. For instance, parents can support their children's mindfulness practice by modeling it themselves and creating a mindful environment with opportunities for reflection and feedback. Teachers can integrate mindfulness into their curriculum with mindful moments, activities, and resources, as well as create a mindful classroom culture and climate. Policymakers can promote mindfulness education by funding and supporting MBIs, providing training and resources for teachers and instructors, and evaluating the effectiveness of MBIs. Practitioners can tailor MBIs to the needs of different children while taking into account their age, developmental stage, culture, and background.

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6 Challenges and limitations

Challenges and limitations in mindfulness and resilience research and practice can take many forms, such as quality and consistency issues in MBIs, validity and reliability issues for measures, lack of understanding of mechanisms and processes, and ethical and social issues. These issues need to be addressed in order to further our understanding of mindfulness and resilience. Quality and consistency of MBIs must be improved to allow for comparison and generalization of effects. Validity and reliability of measures must be established for younger children and diverse populations. Further theoretical and empirical exploration is needed to understand the mechanisms and processes that explain how mindfulness influences resilience. Additionally, more dialogue and collaboration is necessary to address the ethical and social issues that arise from introducing mindfulness in educational and clinical settings.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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How can you measure the impact of mindfulness on children's resilience?

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1 Mindfulness-based interventions

2 Resilience measures

3 Mindfulness measures

4 Research findings

5 Practical implications

6 Challenges and limitations

7 Here’s what else to consider

Mindfulness

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How can you measure the impact of mindfulness on children's resilience?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Mindfulness-based interventions

2 Resilience measures

3 Mindfulness measures

4 Research findings

5 Practical implications

6 Challenges and limitations

7 Here’s what else to consider

Mindfulness

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