How can you manage unclear requirements from stakeholders?

I am really struggling with part of this approach. Seems extremely reasonable, but there is one major problem. You have no stable foundation starting with identifying and understanding the problem. Problems are symptoms, like when you feel sick. Could be you have a runny nose and think I'll get some aspirin and its solved. Unfortunately it turned out to be Covid and now all your co-workers enjoy it too. Do NOT start with looking at problems or solutions! Always start looking at what you want the outcome to be and then what is keeping you from achieving the outcome. Without this understanding you could cause major problems. This is one of the reasons we have such bad results with IT Projects.

Going to be very controversial here. Requirements should not be based on biased thinking of stakeholders. We must start with desired outcome and how this outcome will impact the stakeholders. Next we look how we will measure this. Finally we follow the information back to their source and identify what interactions between systems (both human and technology) are need to provide us with the information that allows us to measure achieving the outcome. You don't ask people having dinner what the shopping list looks like. Instead the cook will ask what meal they would like. Identifying key criteria like what type of meat. next how to prepare and last where to get all the ingredients. Not enough space for a good example but you get me drift.

The job of the product manager is to be the go-between- to understand the nature and goals of the product and the needs and desires of the potential users, and to translate between the two. When we plan a system, what it won't do is also part of the plan. Navigational systems in cars won't make coffee after all - even if the car owners would like coffee while driving.