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How can you make your routing design compatible with any network hardware or software?

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Routing design and implementation is a crucial aspect of telecommunications engineering, as it determines how data packets are transmitted and received across different networks. However, not all network hardware and software are compatible with each other, which can lead to performance issues, security risks, or even network failures. How can you make your routing design compatible with any network hardware or software? Here are some tips to help you achieve a flexible and robust routing solution.

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1 Understand your network requirements

Before you start designing your routing plan, you need to understand your network requirements, such as the size, topology, traffic patterns, bandwidth, latency, reliability, and security of your network. These factors will influence the choice of routing protocols, algorithms, and policies that you will use to optimize your network performance and functionality. You should also consider the compatibility of your existing network devices and software, as well as the potential upgrades or changes that you may need in the future.

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Leonardo Furtado

Senior Network Development Engineer @ Amazon Web Services (AWS) | Network Engineering | Technical Instructor
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Network requirements are the essential concepts that determine the desired technical outcomes in terms of scalability, performance, availability, reliability, manageability, usability, and security. It is crucial to assess these requirements appropriately to determine the necessary technologies and how they should be integrated to achieve these technical outcomes that will support your business. I strongly recommend that these requirements should be defined in the form of intents. This means identifying the network states that should trigger specific changes to the infrastructure to maintain the SLA in line with the business needs. In other words, it involves defining what actions the network should take under certain conditions.

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2 Choose standard and interoperable routing protocols

Routing protocols are the rules and procedures that determine how routers communicate and exchange information with each other. There are many routing protocols available, such as RIP, OSPF, EIGRP, BGP, and IS-IS, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. To make your routing design compatible with any network hardware or software, you should choose standard and interoperable routing protocols that are widely supported and adopted by the industry. For example, you can use OSPF or IS-IS for interior routing within your network, and BGP for exterior routing with other networks. You should also avoid using proprietary or vendor-specific routing protocols that may limit your flexibility and scalability.

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Leonardo Furtado

Senior Network Development Engineer @ Amazon Web Services (AWS) | Network Engineering | Technical Instructor
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Regarding routing protocols, there are limited options available, except when dealing with specific technologies like a Cisco device running EIGRP in a proprietary deployment in the last mile. In most cases, a Link-State protocol such as OSPF or IS-IS, and MP-BGP are the preferred choices. To establish BGP sessions, the underlying control plane routing protocol should be an IGP, but BGP can also be used. This is achieved by using Clusters of Route Reflectors, a Confederation, or both, along with recursive NEXT_HOP treatment. Additional technologies may be required to achieve specific goals, including label switching with LDP or RSVP-TE, VXLAN, and other BGP AFI/SAFI features.

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3 Use logical and consistent network addressing and naming

Network addressing and naming are the methods that identify and locate network devices and resources. They are essential for routing, as they enable routers to forward data packets to the correct destinations. To make your routing design compatible with any network hardware or software, you should use logical and consistent network addressing and naming schemes that follow the industry standards and best practices. For example, you can use IPv4 or IPv6 for network addressing, and DNS for network naming. You should also avoid using overlapping or conflicting addresses or names that may cause confusion or errors.

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Todd Magers, CISSP

Solutions Architect - Monitoring & Performance | CISSP | JNCIA #PerformanceMonitoring #ProtocolAnalyst #Observability
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The key to interoperability is going to be network address planning to make summarization possible. Also, plan ahead, choose CIDR blocks large enough to accommodate expansion. These are pretty rudimentary suggestions. While it is easy to say avoid IP overlaps, a network engineer needs to be prepared for events like mergers and acquisitions that can bring overlapping ranges into play, and be ready to make adjustments. Preplanning open blocks to accommodate future mergers and acquisitions will likely make these transitions more painless.

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4 Implement effective routing policies and filters

Routing policies and filters are the rules and criteria that control how routers select and modify the routes for data packets. They are useful for enhancing your network performance, security, and management. To make your routing design compatible with any network hardware or software, you should implement effective routing policies and filters that match your network requirements and objectives. For example, you can use routing policies to prioritize certain traffic types, balance network load, or prevent routing loops. You can use routing filters to block unwanted traffic, enforce access control, or reduce routing table size.

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5 Test and troubleshoot your routing design

After you have designed your routing plan, you need to test and troubleshoot it to ensure that it works as intended and is compatible with any network hardware or software. You can use various tools and techniques to test and troubleshoot your routing design, such as ping, traceroute, show commands, debug commands, or network simulators. You should also monitor and analyze your network performance, traffic, and routing behavior, and make adjustments or improvements as needed.

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6 Keep your routing design updated and documented

Finally, you need to keep your routing design updated and documented to maintain its compatibility with any network hardware or software. You should regularly review and update your routing design to reflect the changes or developments in your network environment, such as adding or removing network devices, software, or services, or modifying network requirements or objectives. You should also document your routing design, including the network topology, addressing, naming, protocols, policies, filters, and other relevant information. This will help you and others to understand, manage, and troubleshoot your routing design more easily and effectively.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Todd Magers, CISSP

Solutions Architect - Monitoring & Performance | CISSP | JNCIA #PerformanceMonitoring #ProtocolAnalyst #Observability
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In my view and experience, it is best to not overcomplicate the routing design beyond what is needed to accomplish the requirements. I have seen environments that looked as if the Network Engineer was using a production network to study for CCIE... putting in needless complexity just because they could. Aside from introducing more possibilities for failures, the fact is, you are likely not going to be there forever... someone else will need to support this in the future, make the design supportable. My programming background, and trying to read spaghetti code from programmers before me has influenced this attitude. As we should not created spaghetti code, so should we not create protocol spaghetti in our network designs. My 2 cents worth

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How can you make your routing design compatible with any network hardware or software?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Understand your network requirements

2 Choose standard and interoperable routing protocols

3 Use logical and consistent network addressing and naming

4 Implement effective routing policies and filters

5 Test and troubleshoot your routing design

6 Keep your routing design updated and documented

7 Here’s what else to consider

Telecommunications Engineering

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How can you make your routing design compatible with any network hardware or software?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Understand your network requirements

2 Choose standard and interoperable routing protocols

3 Use logical and consistent network addressing and naming

4 Implement effective routing policies and filters

5 Test and troubleshoot your routing design

6 Keep your routing design updated and documented

7 Here’s what else to consider

Telecommunications Engineering

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