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How can you maintain DNS data integrity?

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DNS data integrity is the assurance that the information stored and served by the Domain Name System (DNS) is accurate, consistent, and reliable. DNS is a critical component of network engineering, as it translates human-readable domain names into IP addresses that computers can use to communicate. However, DNS data can be corrupted, manipulated, or hijacked by various threats, such as cache poisoning, spoofing, or denial-of-service attacks. In this article, you will learn how to maintain DNS data integrity by following some best practices and using some tools and techniques.

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1 Use DNSSEC

DNSSEC (DNS Security Extensions) is a set of protocols that add cryptographic signatures to DNS records, verifying their authenticity and preventing unauthorized modifications. DNSSEC protects against common attacks such as cache poisoning, where an attacker sends fake DNS responses to a resolver or a client, redirecting them to malicious websites. To use DNSSEC, you need to enable it on your authoritative DNS servers, your recursive resolvers, and your domain registrars. You also need to generate and manage cryptographic keys and sign your zones periodically.

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2 Use DNS over HTTPS or TLS

DNS over HTTPS (DoH) and DNS over TLS (DoT) are two methods of encrypting DNS queries and responses between clients and resolvers, preventing eavesdropping and tampering by third parties. DoH and DoT use HTTPS and TLS protocols, respectively, to secure the DNS traffic, making it indistinguishable from other web traffic. To use DoH or DoT, you need to configure your clients to use a compatible resolver, such as Cloudflare, Google, or Quad9, or set up your own resolver that supports these protocols.

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3 Use DNS firewall or filtering

DNS firewall or filtering is a technique of blocking or redirecting DNS queries and responses based on predefined rules or policies, preventing access to malicious or unwanted domains. DNS firewall or filtering can help protect your network from malware, phishing, ransomware, or botnets that rely on DNS for communication or command-and-control. To use DNS firewall or filtering, you need to use a DNS service that offers this feature, such as Cisco Umbrella, OpenDNS, or Pi-hole, or set up your own DNS server with firewall or filtering capabilities.

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Collins Gyan

IT/maintenance: Aston Martin-UK | IT Manager: Valley View Adventist Hospital | Network Engineer | Cybersecurity Professional. Membership: ICT Professionals Ghana (IIPGH). Current project: New leaf Hospital Networking
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What I know is that a DNS firewall or filtering always helps to protect data from unauthorized access to gain access to temper with it. The firewall can protect threats like malware, ransomware, phishing and other forms that can cause data attack. It gives access to the authorized persons to access the data

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4 Use DNS monitoring and auditing

DNS monitoring and auditing is a process of collecting and analyzing DNS data to detect and troubleshoot anomalies, errors, or attacks. DNS monitoring and auditing can help you maintain DNS data integrity by identifying misconfigurations, performance issues, unauthorized changes, or malicious activities. To use DNS monitoring and auditing, you need to use a DNS service that provides this feature, such as DNS Made Easy, Dynatrace, or SolarWinds, or use tools such as dig, nslookup, or Wireshark to query and capture DNS traffic.

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Collins Gyan

IT/maintenance: Aston Martin-UK | IT Manager: Valley View Adventist Hospital | Network Engineer | Cybersecurity Professional. Membership: ICT Professionals Ghana (IIPGH). Current project: New leaf Hospital Networking
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One thing DNS can do to help in audit is, it will always be good to know if it is aligned with the network topology or settings that you are using. And to detect any suspicious threat and fix them, regular DNS audit is the best way to go by

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5 Use DNS best practices and standards

DNS best practices and standards are guidelines and recommendations that help you design, implement, and maintain a secure and reliable DNS infrastructure. DNS best practices and standards cover various aspects of DNS, such as naming conventions, zone delegation, record types, TTL values, redundancy, load balancing, caching, or security. To use DNS best practices and standards, you need to follow the official documentation and references from authoritative sources, such as IETF, ICANN, or DNS-OARC, or consult with experts and peers in the DNS community.

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6 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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How can you maintain DNS data integrity?

1

2

3

4

5

6

1 Use DNSSEC

2 Use DNS over HTTPS or TLS

3 Use DNS firewall or filtering

4 Use DNS monitoring and auditing

5 Use DNS best practices and standards

6 Here’s what else to consider

Network Engineering

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How can you maintain DNS data integrity?

1

2

3

4

5

6

1 Use DNSSEC

2 Use DNS over HTTPS or TLS

3 Use DNS firewall or filtering

4 Use DNS monitoring and auditing

5 Use DNS best practices and standards

6 Here’s what else to consider

Network Engineering

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