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How can you integrate green energy with traditional energy systems?

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Green energy, such as solar, wind, and hydro, is becoming more popular and affordable as a way to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and reliance on fossil fuels. However, integrating green energy with traditional energy systems, such as coal, gas, and nuclear, can pose some challenges and opportunities for environmental engineers. In this article, you will learn some of the main aspects of green energy integration, such as grid stability, energy storage, hybrid systems, and smart grids.

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Mohammed Elmorabitti

Renewable Energy & Environmental Process Engineer | Decarbonization & Energy Efficiency
Keisuke Shishido

Consultant (Climate & Sustainability Expert) at BCG

1 Grid stability

One of the main challenges of integrating green energy with traditional energy systems is maintaining grid stability. Grid stability refers to the balance between supply and demand of electricity, which must be constantly adjusted to avoid blackouts or power surges. Green energy sources are often intermittent and variable, meaning they depend on weather conditions and time of day. For example, solar panels produce more power during sunny hours, while wind turbines produce more power during windy periods. This can create fluctuations in the power output, which can affect the frequency and voltage of the grid. To cope with this challenge, environmental engineers need to design and implement strategies to match the supply and demand of electricity, such as using backup generators, demand response, or grid interconnections.

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Mohammed Elmorabitti

Renewable Energy & Environmental Process Engineer | Decarbonization & Energy Efficiency
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To integrate green energy with traditional systems, consider energy storage solutions tailored to specific needs: choose storage based on the required duration (short-term vs. long-term), the temperature conditions necessary for industrial applications, and the efficiency of the technology being used. This customized approach ensures optimal energy use and compatibility with existing systems.

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Suleyman Celikel

Energy Manager
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A hybrid approach is the most suitable way to integrate green energy with conventional systems. method. This involves combining renewable energy sources such as solar or wind with traditional sources such as fossil fuels. Smart grid technology, energy storage and efficient infrastructure are key components to ensure seamless integration by balancing fluctuations in renewable generation.

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Keisuke Shishido

Consultant (Climate & Sustainability Expert) at BCG
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To design an energy system, it is necessary to design both the use and supply sides. First, the energy use trend on the use side must be identified, and then the optimal supply-side energy source must be established. In particular, since green energy sources are often time-sensitive, designing a permanent base power source to compensate is important to maximize the potential for introducing green energy.

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2 Energy storage

Another challenge of integrating green energy with traditional energy systems is storing excess or surplus electricity for later use. Energy storage can help smooth out the fluctuations in power output from green energy sources, and provide backup power during peak demand or grid failures. Energy storage can also reduce the need for fossil fuel-based power plants, which can lower greenhouse gas emissions and operating costs. Some of the common types of energy storage are batteries, pumped hydro, flywheels, compressed air, and hydrogen. Environmental engineers need to consider the cost, efficiency, safety, and environmental impact of each type of energy storage, and choose the best option for each situation.

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3 Hybrid systems

One of the opportunities of integrating green energy with traditional energy systems is creating hybrid systems that combine different sources of power generation. Hybrid systems can offer more reliability, flexibility, and efficiency than relying on a single source of power. For example, a hybrid system can use solar panels and diesel generators to provide electricity to a remote area, or use wind turbines and gas turbines to provide electricity to a large city. Environmental engineers need to design and optimize hybrid systems that can meet the power demand, reduce the fuel consumption, and minimize the environmental impact of each source.

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Gina Laban

Strategy - Sustainability Lead -Change Management - Instructor -Egyptian Banking Institute - USAID - IFC -Research -Customer Rights Protection
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Combining renewables with traditional sources: Integrating green energy within existing power plants can offer flexibility and backup power. For example, solar and wind farms can work alongside natural gas plants, with gas taking over when renewable generation dips. Microgrids: These localized grids powered by a mix of green and traditional sources can provide greater energy independence and resilience, particularly in remote areas.

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4 Smart grids

Another opportunity of integrating green energy with traditional energy systems is developing smart grids that use information and communication technologies to monitor and control the power flow and quality. Smart grids can enhance the performance, security, and sustainability of the grid, by enabling more integration of green energy sources, more participation of consumers, and more automation of grid operations. For example, a smart grid can use smart meters and sensors to collect and transmit data on power consumption and generation, use smart devices and appliances to adjust the power demand and supply, and use smart switches and breakers to isolate and restore faults. Environmental engineers need to apply and innovate smart grid technologies that can improve the grid efficiency, reliability, and resilience.

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5 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Keisuke Shishido

Consultant (Climate & Sustainability Expert) at BCG
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In practical, to improve feasibility and profitability by increasing the scale of the project is crucial. Therefore, it is important to tackle this topic with not only one organization but also with other organizations. For example, involving multiple players including public ones would make more impacts while receiving financial assistance.

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How can you integrate green energy with traditional energy systems?

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3

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5

1 Grid stability

2 Energy storage

3 Hybrid systems

4 Smart grids

5 Here’s what else to consider

Environmental Engineering

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How can you integrate green energy with traditional energy systems?

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1 Grid stability

2 Energy storage

3 Hybrid systems

4 Smart grids

5 Here’s what else to consider

Environmental Engineering

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