How can you give empathetic feedback using the EEC model?

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Feedback is a crucial skill for any leader, manager, or team member. It can help improve performance, motivation, and relationships. However, feedback can also be challenging, especially when it involves criticism, conflict, or emotions. How can you give feedback that is empathetic, respectful, and effective? One possible framework is the EEC model, which stands for Example, Effect, and Change. In this article, we will explain what the EEC model is, how to use it, and why it can help you give empathetic feedback.

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Stuart Pownall

Learning Design Manager at PwC, CMgr MCMI
Nitin Y.

Sales and Business Development Lead | Generative AI, Data AI, Cloud Strategy | Azure, Aws, Gcp

1 What is the EEC model?

The EEC model is a simple and structured way to give feedback. It consists of three steps: Example, Effect, and Change. In the Example step, you describe a specific situation or behavior that you observed or experienced. In the Effect step, you explain how that situation or behavior affected you, the team, or the project. In the Change step, you suggest or request a different action or outcome for the future. The EEC model helps you focus on facts, feelings, and solutions, rather than opinions, judgments, or blame.

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Stuart Pownall

Learning Design Manager at PwC, CMgr MCMI
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It's also important to note the dual significance of the C in the EEC model: 'Change' and 'Continue.' The 'Change' aspect pertains to specific behaviours or actions that the feedback recipient is encouraged to alter or improve upon. When providing appreciative feedback, the 'Continue' aspect helps to underscore and encourage behaviours or actions you would like the recipient to continue with. For example: Example (E): "The ideas you proposed for that recent problem were great." Effect (E): "It really helped to broaden the team's perspective and get them thinking. Continue (C): "Keep challenging us and bringing your innovative thinking to our projects."

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2 How to use the EEC model?

To use the EEC model effectively, you need to prepare, deliver, and follow up on your feedback. Before giving feedback, consider the purpose and goal of your message, as well as a suitable time and place for the conversation. Gather relevant examples and evidence to support your feedback and think about the possible effects and changes you want to discuss. When delivering feedback, use clear and respectful language while starting with a positive intention. Utilize the EEC model to structure your feedback and provide specific examples. Express your feelings and perspectives using "I" statements, avoiding generalizations or accusations. Request a change that is realistic and actionable, asking for their input and feedback. Listen actively to their response, acknowledging their feelings and concerns. Summarize the main points and agree on next steps. After giving feedback, check in with them regularly, providing support and encouragement for their progress. Recognize their achievements and revise the feedback if needed.

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3 Why use the EEC model?

The EEC model can help you give empathetic feedback for several reasons. First, it can help you avoid common feedback pitfalls, such as being vague, subjective, or harsh. By using examples, effects, and changes, you can make your feedback more specific, objective, and constructive. Second, it can help you build trust and rapport with the other person. By showing your positive intention, appreciation, and empathy, you can make them feel valued and respected. By asking for their input and feedback, you can make them feel involved and empowered. Third, it can help you achieve positive outcomes and results. By focusing on facts, feelings, and solutions, you can create a shared understanding and agreement on the current situation and the desired future. By providing support and recognition, you can motivate and inspire the other person to change and grow.

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Nitin Y.

Sales and Business Development Lead | Generative AI, Data AI, Cloud Strategy | Azure, Aws, Gcp
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Enhancing the EEC model (Example, Effect, Change) with emotional intelligence (EI) adds depth to giving empathetic feedback. By integrating self-awareness, we ensure feedback is constructive and unbiased. Social awareness makes us tailor our approach, making the feedback resonate on a personal level. Relationship management emphasizes the importance of follow-up, turning feedback into a catalyst for continuous improvement and stronger team bonds. This holistic approach not only refines the delivery but also maximizes the impact of feedback, fostering a culture of growth and open communication.

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4 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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How can you give empathetic feedback using the EEC model?

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1 What is the EEC model?

2 How to use the EEC model?

3 Why use the EEC model?

4 Here’s what else to consider

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