How can you explain a power system protection scheme to stakeholders?

I would use relatable example to explain the concept. The power system protection scheme is like a vaccine which prevents adverse effects in case of the disease, in our case, the electrical faults. In the event that the fault occurs, the faulty part is isolated speedily or its effects are contained using the protection schemes.

I tell stakeholders to trust me, ive done this a hundred times already...no need to worry, I have everything under control, OCPD and relay scheme is all good, now where you like to go for dinner? bless your heart.

Improve Reliability through System Robustness Minimize Downtime Potential for Safety Improvements Faster Fault Detection & Resolution Cost-Effectiveness in keeping the majority of the system online during faults

Objectives of Power System Protection Power system protection's main objective is to maintain the reliability of the running power system and to save the equipment from getting damaged. To achieve reliability, two points are kept in mind: Only the faulty part of the system is completely isolated within a minimum time so that the remaining system operates normally. In the case of normal conditions, there should be no nuisance tripping. To isolate the system from the faulty section, fuses and circuit breakers are used and to detect fault relays are used. In low voltage systems breakers perform both functions of detecting and isolating the fault.

Basic evaluation for stakeholders by putting simple questions log and their real life experiences to design a better session presentation

In my perspective the purpose of a power protection scheme is to swiftly detect and isolate faults in an electrical system, ensuring reliability and preventing damage. Its scope encompasses deploying devices like relays and circuit breakers to secure uninterrupted power supply, minimize downtime, and safeguard equipment, thereby assuring stakeholders of a resilient and secure electrical infrastructure.

Defining of basic concept of power systems protection and it's roles for safe and sound seamless sequence of operation. Cost and benefits analysis

Taking everyone as a stakeholder and making the explanation more visual, Imagine an electric current rushing through wires like water in a river. Protection schemes act like giant dams and levees, keeping the flow steady and stopping surges before they can damage critical equipment.

You’ll want to start by expanding into what your design “provides.” Discuss redundancy, resiliency, and how your circuitry/layout solves a problem the user may not have realized existed.

I've always taught the definition of a protection system is equipment utilized to minimize damage during an abnormal condition. While this is basic and general it is a good place to start with non-relay engineers. From here I would go to the details of which particular equipment is to be protected.

The objective of a protection scheme is to keep the power system stable by isolating only the components that are under fault, whilst leaving as much of the network as possible in operation. The Electrical Power System is a highly invested area. The more reliable electricity we want, the more we need to protect it. There are several protection schemes invented along the line as protection engineers face new challenges with the advancement in power systems. Here are the most basic ones: 1.Overcurrent Protection Scheme 2.Differential Protection Scheme 3.Distance Protection Scheme 4.Directional Protection Scheme

With a single line diagram, start by defining the protection zones. Explain the basics of CTs, VTs, circuit breakers and relays.

Explicación básica de funciones: Sobrecorriente: Como su nombre lo indica, verifica la cantidad de corriente que está circulando por los conductores y emite una se?al de disparo frente a perturbaciones por encima de un valor y tiempo definido. Diferencial: Compara en dos puntos la magnitud y dirección de la corriente. Bajo el supuesto "todo lo que entra debe salir" se comparan las corrientes para que la suma de las mismas sea cero. En caso de presentarse un desbalance, la protección genera un disparo. Distancia: Utilizada para circuitos, por lo general se utiliza como un respaldo de la sobrecorriente. Su función es generar el disparo cuando se presentan fallas a una "distancia" definida.

Power system protection involves various components and functions working together to detect and mitigate faults, ensuring the reliability and safety of the electrical grid.

I suggest to have simple single line diagram with different types of protection relays and explanation about there function at the time of faulty conditions.

One of the most clear ways is to explain it from the following point if views: 1. Reliability. 2. Security. 3. Cost effectiveness. 4. Practicality-Operability. 5. Maintainability.

It is very important to identify the requirements of the system to protect the system from fault or abnormalities that may come at any instant. After identification, defining the suitable protection scheme plays a major role. The system will be safe and reliable If these two are taken care of at the time of designing the system or else it will become a challenge to maintain the system

It is very important to be able to properly explain why it maters, emphasizing on its merits and reliability, also noting whatever challenges and stating measures by which those challenges can easily be overcome with your chosen design. This will help boost the confidence of stakeholders in your design.

to keep the power system stable by isolating only the components that are under fault, whilst leaving as much of the network as possible in operation.

The benefits of Power system protection is to keep our expensive equipment safe from surge, over and under voltage, harmonics, PFI etc. so that the reliability and dependency of our system increases along with cost effective maintenance.

The best examples you can provide are the real-life ones which are already used in same industry. Thus you can extend all the benefits of the protection scheme in an economical/technical presentation

At this point, add a good example of a different practice or operating principle of a protection scheme for example, be prepared to show different possibilities and an action plan. Don't forget to keep it simple.

Low voltage regulator, high voltage surges, earth or ground causes, short circuit protections or due to any unavoidable circumstances the best ways to modified or upgradation of power systems

I think a simplest example of how relays evolved is component we are finding in home distribution board- RCD. RCD evolved from ELCB..But RCD borrowed its concept from Restricted Earth fault relay, a not so very simple relay...

Shared some of the past projects as example and explain the cons and pros from those projects. This will not only gives the stakeholders and audiences knowledge in power system but also additional information which they may be looking or overlooked l.

Confiabilidade: Definida como a probabilidade de funcionamento correto da prote??o quando houver a necessidade de sua atua??o. Seletividade: o sistema de prote??o que possui esta propriedade é capaz de reconhecer e selecionar as condi??es que deve operar, a fim de evitar opera??es desnecessárias. Sensibilidade: é a habilidade que um sistema tem de identificar uma situa??o de funcionamento anormal em que exceda o nível normal ou detectar o limiar em que a prote??o deve atuar. Velocidade: um sistema de prote??o deve possibilitar o desligamento do trecho ou equipamento

Participate in local seminars to learn from other experts past experience and provide feedback for broader discussion and this will enhance our knowledge. At the end of project cycle, we can also provide lesson learnt from the projects and gather their feedback and some open question such as how can we further improve the implementation for future expansion.

Sempre a disposi??o para tirar dúvidas e explicar de forma adequada como e porque do funcionamento correto dos sistemas de prote??o. Para quest?es de manuten??o procuro sempre exemplos práticos, como fotos e vídeos e até equipamentos que sofreram danos por conta de imprudência, negligência do uso.

Never be afraid to acknowledge you don't know an answer. Demonstrating you know your limits but have resources to consult is admirable.

Apart from the protection scheme, the protection equipment a.k.a the protection relay type is also important. Not all stakeholders understand why we engineers would like to use numerical relays. Some stakeholders only care about the cost. It is our responsibility to explain to them why we should be using numerical relays. Take the opportunity while presenting the examples and different scenarios to the stakeholders, to also explain how numerical relays help especially when performing a detail root cause analysis and also while performing troubleshooting.

Always consider the experience of the stakeholder and the newness of the technology presented. This industry is moving rapidly, but is relied upon to deliver power 24/7. If a protection scheme is considered too new or difficult to understand, it may be viewed as not secure. I encountered this years ago introducing utilities to ethernet for substation communication and I still encounter this with IEC61850.

I am in electrical power line about 25 yours and currently focussing on artificial intelligence IT NETWORK Management & Security

De modo geral, a atua??o de um sistema de prote??o se dá em três níveis: Prote??o principal: Em caso de falta dentro da zona protegida, é quem deverá atuar primeiro. Prote??o de retaguarda: aquela que só deverá atuar quando ocorrer falha da prote??o principal. Prote??o auxiliar: é constituída por fun??es auxiliares das prote??es principal e de retaguarda, cujos os objetivos s?o sinaliza??o, alarme, temporiza??o, intertravamento, etc.

I am Electrical power engineer and recently focused on machine learning and deep learning techniques for power reliability and efficiency.