Emissions performance is a key factor in designing and developing new engines for vehicles. It affects not only the environmental impact, but also the fuel efficiency, the performance, and the regulatory compliance of the engine. In this article, you will learn how to evaluate the emissions performance of a new engine design using different methods and tools.
One of the most common and effective ways to evaluate the emissions performance of a new engine design is to use simulation tools. Simulation tools are software applications that can model the engine operation, the combustion process, the exhaust gas flow, and the aftertreatment system. They can also predict the emissions of various pollutants, such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, particulate matter, and hydrocarbons. Simulation tools can help you optimize the engine design parameters, such as the compression ratio, the injection timing, the valve timing, and the air-fuel ratio, to achieve the desired emissions performance.
Another way to evaluate the emissions performance of a new engine design is to conduct laboratory testing. Laboratory testing involves mounting the engine on a dynamometer, which is a device that can measure the engine torque and speed. The engine is then connected to an emissions analyzer, which is a device that can measure the concentration of different pollutants in the exhaust gas. The engine is then run under different load and speed conditions, simulating various driving cycles and scenarios. The emissions analyzer can provide real-time data on the emissions performance of the engine under different operating conditions.
A third way to evaluate the emissions performance of a new engine design is to perform on-road testing. On-road testing involves installing the engine in a vehicle and driving it on public roads or test tracks. The vehicle is equipped with a portable emissions measurement system (PEMS), which is a device that can measure the emissions of the engine while the vehicle is in motion. The PEMS can also record the vehicle speed, the engine speed, the engine load, the ambient temperature, and the GPS location. The on-road testing can provide realistic and representative data on the emissions performance of the engine in real-world situations.
A final way to evaluate the emissions performance of a new engine design is to compare it with the relevant standards and regulations. Standards and regulations are sets of rules and limits that define the acceptable levels of emissions for different types of engines and vehicles. They are established by different authorities and organizations, such as the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the European Union (EU), and the California Air Resources Board (CARB). They also vary depending on the engine size, the fuel type, the vehicle class, and the emission control technology. By comparing the emissions performance of the new engine design with the standards and regulations, you can assess whether the engine meets or exceeds the requirements and whether it needs any modifications or improvements.
This all items are actually part of "Product Development" phases of an engine. * During feasibility phase we make 1D models to identify that. * Then if the project is OK to go then more sophisticated 3D models have been run, results are checked and compared with available data. * If that one is also OK, prototypes are being made and tested. 3D models are verified with test results. * If needed fine-tunes made on design. Again models updated and tests repeated. Models are also updated. * If all OK and product get green light, PD gets next step; to prepare "serial life" product. * Real serial products manufactured, tested data also verified with models and available data from previous projects. * If all good product manufactured. * Tools,