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How can you ensure a precautionary approach in the EIA process?

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The precautionary approach is a principle that guides decision-making in situations of uncertainty, especially when there is a potential for serious or irreversible environmental harm. It implies taking preventive measures to avoid or minimize the risk of negative impacts, even if there is no conclusive scientific evidence of causality. The precautionary approach is relevant for the environmental impact assessment (EIA) process, which aims to identify, predict, evaluate, and mitigate the environmental and social effects of proposed projects or policies. In this article, you will learn how to ensure a precautionary approach in the EIA process, by following six steps.

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William Edet Asim-Ita arpa (R.Engr COREN) MNSE MNES

I ESG Consultant I Brand Communications Specialist I Process Engineer
Raavee Vats

Researcher

1 Define the scope

The first step is to define the scope of the EIA, which includes the objectives, alternatives, criteria, methods, and stakeholders involved in the assessment. The scope should be based on a comprehensive and transparent scoping exercise, which involves consultation with relevant experts, authorities, and affected parties. The scope should also reflect the precautionary approach, by considering the worst-case scenarios, the cumulative and synergistic effects, the long-term and irreversible impacts, and the uncertainties and gaps in the data and knowledge.

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William Edet Asim-Ita arpa (R.Engr COREN) MNSE MNES

I ESG Consultant I Brand Communications Specialist I Process Engineer
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In the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) process, the scope is the defined extent of the assessment. In my experience of evaluating an environmental impact of a new chemical manufacturing plant: Here are some key components Identification: 1. Identify project components like manufacturing, storage, transportation, and waste disposal. 2. Stakeholder Consultation:Engage with communities, environmental groups, and regulatory authorities to understand concerns. 3. Legal Compliance 4. Scoping Document:Develop a document outlining assessment boundaries, specifying components, methodologies, and criteria. Example: Air and water quality, noise, habitat disruption, and human health. 5. Review and Approval 6. EIA Study 7. Reporting

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2 Collect and analyze data

The second step is to collect and analyze the data and information needed to assess the environmental and social impacts of the proposed project or policy. The data collection and analysis should be based on reliable and credible sources, such as scientific literature, field surveys, modeling, and stakeholder feedback. The data analysis should also be based on the precautionary approach, by using conservative assumptions, applying safety factors, acknowledging limitations and uncertainties, and disclosing any conflicts of interest or biases.

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3 Evaluate the impacts

The third step is to evaluate the impacts of the proposed project or policy, based on the data and criteria defined in the scoping step. The impact evaluation should be based on the precautionary approach, by using a multidisciplinary and participatory approach, incorporating the values and preferences of the affected parties, applying the best available techniques and standards, and adopting the most environmentally friendly alternative.

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Raavee Vats

Researcher
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The assessment of impact should consider both the financial and social ramifications, focusing on the survival requirements of vulnerable groups.

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4 Mitigate the impacts

The fourth step is to mitigate the impacts of the proposed project or policy, by designing and implementing measures to avoid, reduce, or compensate for the negative effects. The mitigation measures should be based on the precautionary approach, by prioritizing prevention over correction, ensuring effectiveness and feasibility, monitoring and evaluating the results, and enforcing compliance and accountability.

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5 Communicate the results

The fifth step is to communicate the results of the EIA, by preparing and disseminating a clear and comprehensive report that summarizes the findings and recommendations of the assessment. The communication should be based on the precautionary approach, by using plain and accessible language, providing evidence and references, disclosing uncertainties and assumptions, and inviting feedback and comments.

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6 Review and follow-up

The sixth and final step is to review and follow-up on the EIA, by conducting an independent and transparent audit of the quality and performance of the assessment. The review and follow-up should be based on the precautionary approach, by identifying and correcting any errors or shortcomings, updating and improving the data and methods, adapting to changing circumstances and new information, and learning from the experience and best practices.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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How can you ensure a precautionary approach in the EIA process?

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1 Define the scope

2 Collect and analyze data

3 Evaluate the impacts

4 Mitigate the impacts

5 Communicate the results

6 Review and follow-up

7 Here’s what else to consider

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