How can you ensure data structure refactoring does not break existing functionality?

2 Write tests

One of the most important steps to ensure data structure refactoring does not break existing functionality is to write tests. Tests are code that check if the software behaves as expected, given certain inputs and outputs. You should write tests for both the original and the refactored data structures, covering different scenarios and edge cases. You can use frameworks like JUnit, PyTest, or Mocha to help you write and run tests. Tests will help you verify that the refactored data structures still work as intended, and catch any errors or bugs that may arise from the changes.

3 Refactor incrementally

Another tip to ensure data structure refactoring does not break existing functionality is to refactor incrementally. This means making small and frequent changes, rather than large and infrequent ones. Incremental refactoring allows you to isolate and test each change separately, and reduce the risk of introducing complex or hidden problems. You can use tools like version control, code review, or continuous integration to help you manage and monitor the incremental refactoring process.

4 Use abstraction

A useful technique to ensure data structure refactoring does not break existing functionality is to use abstraction. Abstraction is the process of hiding the details or implementation of a data structure behind a simpler or more general interface. For example, you can use a list interface to access a linked list or an array without knowing how they are implemented internally. Abstraction allows you to change the underlying data structure without affecting the rest of the code that uses it, as long as the interface remains consistent.

5 Review and refactor

The final step to ensure data structure refactoring does not break existing functionality is to review and refactor. Reviewing means checking the quality and correctness of the refactored data structure, and comparing it with the original one. You can use tools like code metrics, code coverage, or code smell detection to help you assess the refactoring results. Refactoring means making further improvements or adjustments to the refactored data structure, based on the feedback and evaluation from the review. You should repeat this step until you are satisfied with the refactored data structure, and ensure that it passes all the tests and meets all the requirements.

6 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?