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How can you determine the optimal frequency for patch management?

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Patch management is the process of applying updates to software and hardware systems to fix security vulnerabilities, improve performance, and resolve bugs. However, patching too frequently or too infrequently can have negative consequences for your system's stability, availability, and functionality. How can you determine the optimal frequency for patch management that balances risk and benefit? Here are some factors to consider and steps to follow.

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Ankur Raghuvanshi

Sr. Manager - Sopra Steria

1 Factor 1: Criticality

The first factor to consider is the criticality of the patch and the system it affects. Critical patches are those that address high-severity or zero-day vulnerabilities that can expose your system to cyberattacks, data breaches, or system failures. Critical systems are those that support essential business functions, store sensitive data, or handle customer transactions. You should prioritize patching critical patches and systems as soon as possible, preferably within hours or days of release.

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Ankur Raghuvanshi

Sr. Manager - Sopra Steria
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Determining the optimal patch management frequency involves balancing system security with operational impact. Assess the criticality of systems, vulnerability severity, and compliance requirements. Follow vendor recommendations and test patches thoroughly to avoid unintended consequences. Tailor the approach to your organization's needs, adjusting it based on evolving risks. Regular reassessment ensures a proactive and effective patch management strategy.

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Paul Leveau

Project Security Officer | Tech Lead
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Le niveau de criticité d'un correctif, permet de filtrer sur les correctifs dit "obligatoire" puis de les classer par ordre de priorité. Cependant, il est primordial de ne pas "filtrer" les éléments les moins critique réellement mais seulement de différer leur correction dans le temps au profit des plus critiques

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2 Factor 2: Compatibility

The second factor to consider is the compatibility of the patch and the system it affects. Compatibility issues can arise when a patch conflicts with other software or hardware components, causing errors, crashes, or performance degradation. To avoid compatibility issues, you should test the patch in a non-production environment before deploying it to the production environment. You should also check the vendor's documentation and release notes for any known issues or dependencies.

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3 Factor 3: Complexity

The third factor to consider is the complexity of the patch and the system it affects. Complexity refers to the number of patches, systems, and dependencies involved in the patching process. The more complex the patching process, the more time and resources it will require, and the more likely it will encounter errors or delays. To reduce complexity, you should use patch management tools that automate and streamline the patching process, such as scheduling, deployment, verification, and reporting.

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Paul Leveau

Project Security Officer | Tech Lead
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La complexité du sujet à corriger est le 2ème après le critère légal, car il impacte tout le reste de la chaine de décision, elle impacte le cout du correctif, la disponibilité de l'application et le risque de perdre un marché. Cependant, si la complexité est élevée, le correctif offre l'opportunité de corriger les problèmes liés au design du système en plus du correctif.

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4 Factor 4: Compliance

The fourth factor to consider is the compliance of the patch and the system it affects. Compliance refers to the legal or regulatory requirements that govern your system's security and privacy standards. Depending on your industry, location, and customer base, you may need to comply with certain frameworks or regulations, such as PCI DSS, HIPAA, GDPR, or NIST. Failing to comply with these requirements can result in fines, penalties, or lawsuits. To ensure compliance, you should follow the vendor's recommendations and best practices for patching, and document your patching activities and outcomes.

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Paul Leveau

Project Security Officer | Tech Lead
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La conformité est le premier point à étudier lors du choix d'un correctif, si la conformité est exigé sous peine de perdre un marché, il faut alors le mettre tout en haut de la pile, devant tous les autres éléments, par design des exigences légales, les problèmes les critiques requiert la correction la plus rapide. Le choix est donc assez simple

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5 Factor 5: Cost

The fifth factor to consider is the cost of the patch and the system it affects. Cost refers to the financial or operational impact of patching or not patching your system. Patching can incur costs such as labor, downtime, testing, and licensing. Not patching can incur costs such as security breaches, data loss, customer dissatisfaction, and reputation damage. To balance cost and benefit, you should conduct a risk assessment and a cost-benefit analysis for each patch and system, and compare the potential outcomes of patching or not patching.

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6 Step: Define a policy

After considering these factors, you should define a patch management policy that specifies the optimal frequency for patching your systems. A patch management policy should include the following elements: a patch management team, roles and responsibilities, patch sources and categories, patch prioritization and scheduling, patch testing and deployment, patch verification and reporting, and patch management tools and processes. A patch management policy should be aligned with your business goals, security needs, and compliance obligations, and should be reviewed and updated regularly.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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How can you determine the optimal frequency for patch management?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Factor 1: Criticality

2 Factor 2: Compatibility

3 Factor 3: Complexity

4 Factor 4: Compliance

5 Factor 5: Cost

6 Step: Define a policy

7 Here’s what else to consider

Computer Engineering

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How can you determine the optimal frequency for patch management?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 Factor 1: Criticality

2 Factor 2: Compatibility

3 Factor 3: Complexity

4 Factor 4: Compliance

5 Factor 5: Cost

6 Step: Define a policy

7 Here’s what else to consider

Computer Engineering

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