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How can you create a realistic research design for your grant proposal?

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A realistic research design is essential for a successful grant proposal, as it shows how you plan to conduct your study, what methods and data you will use, and how you will address potential challenges and limitations. In this article, you will learn some tips and strategies to create a realistic research design for your grant proposal, based on the following steps:

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Saleh A. Abdallat

Columbia University ? Public Health Education & Health Planning ? Social and Behavioral Research ? Research Assistant…
Dr Bhavadharini Balaji, Ph.D

Senior Medical Writer | 12 years Scientific Publications, Medical Communications, CME | Diabetes, Gestational Diabetes,…
Azarmidokht G. Shirazi

Research Fellow, Future Biomanufacturing Research Hub, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of…

1 Identify your research question and objectives

The first step is to clearly define your research question and objectives, as they will guide your research design and justify your proposed study. Your research question should be specific, relevant, and feasible, and it should address a gap or problem in your field of study. Your objectives should be SMART: specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound. They should also align with the goals and priorities of the funding agency.

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Saleh A. Abdallat

Columbia University ? Public Health Education & Health Planning ? Social and Behavioral Research ? Research Assistant at Harvard Divinity School ? Political History ? International Relations ?
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? When creating your research question: 1. Keep it simple and specific. 2. Watch out for tiny phrasing changes, as they can lead you in different directions. 3. Don't pack multiple questions into one; focus on your main subject. 4. Avoid making very broad questions; they lead to general answers. ? When setting your research objectives: 1. What are you trying to measure or prove? 2. How you will corroborate it? 3. Is it relevant to your study or field? Check if your data is reliable and from credible sources. Consider your research type (i,e,. descriptive or long-term), and make sure you have the necessary funds and support. Keep your work consistent with your goal, and be open to changes if needed. Set deadlines for your work.

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Azarmidokht G. Shirazi

Research Fellow, Future Biomanufacturing Research Hub, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester
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Define Objectives: Clearly state research goals and outcomes. Literature Review: Ground your design in existing knowledge. Methodology: Detail the research approach and tools. Timeline: Develop a realistic schedule for each phase. Budget Allocation: Justify and allocate funds. Data Collection: Specify methods and sources. Analysis Plan: Detail how data will be analyzed. Risk Mitigation: Identify potential challenges and solutions. Ethical Considerations: Address ethical aspects of the research. Expertise and Collaborations: Highlight team qualifications.

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Dr. Maria Eleonora Sciubba

☆Funding Expert ☆ Senior Researcher Interactional Linguistics ☆ Ethnomethodology, Emotions, Swe☆ring, Racism, Gender and Social Justice☆ Project Designer and Evaluator ☆
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When writing the research questions, do not include yes/no questions. If the evaluator thinks the right answer is a "no", your whole project is doomed. Try to translate them into wh/questions (and make sure the methods you choose are appropriate to answer said research questions). Do not have more than a couple of main research questions and a couple of sub-RQs each.

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Prof. Dr. Khalid Farhod Chasib

Professor of Chemical Engineering at Petroleum & Gas Engineering Department-University of Thi Qar. Top 10% of Researchers Contributing to the Peer Review of the Field of Chemical Engineering of 2016,released by Clarivate
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To create a realistic research design for your grant proposal: Define research objectives and questions. Review existing literature. Choose appropriate research methods. Plan your sampling strategy. Specify data collection methods. Outline data analysis techniques. Create a feasible timeline. Develop a reasonable budget. Address ethical considerations. Highlight expected outcomes. Identify and mitigate risks. Consider collaborations. Seek feedback for improvement. Pilot study if necessary. Tailor your proposal to the grant's requirements.

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Anne Loohuis

Huisarts, onderzoeker-epidemioloog. Onderzoekt impact van eHealth in de huisartsgeneeskunde.
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Don't forget to involve the stakeholders (for example patients, careproviders or governance) in the identification of your research question and objectives. They are key in the implementation of results. It would be terrible if you perform an expensive RCT taking years and afterwards they are interested in a different outcome measure then the one you powered your study for.

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2 Choose your research approach and design

The next step is to choose your research approach and design, based on the nature and purpose of your study. Your research approach can be quantitative, qualitative, or mixed, depending on whether you want to test a hypothesis, explore a phenomenon, or combine both. Your research design can be experimental, quasi-experimental, descriptive, correlational, or case study, depending on how you want to manipulate, measure, or compare variables or cases. You should explain the rationale and advantages of your chosen approach and design, and how they fit your research question and objectives.

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Dr Bhavadharini Balaji, Ph.D

Senior Medical Writer | 12 years Scientific Publications, Medical Communications, CME | Diabetes, Gestational Diabetes, Nutrition Epidemiology, Oncology | HEOR, publications, SLR, needs assessments
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When it comes to research design, consider it as the blueprint for your study. Do you want to experiment, manipulate variables, and test causality? Or perhaps you prefer a descriptive approach to paint a detailed picture? Maybe a correlational design to understand relationships, or a case study for an in-depth investigation? Your decision should align with the nature of your research question and objectives. Practicality should be your guide. If it's a complex, multifaceted issue, a mixed-methods design could be the way to go. Explain why your choices make the most sense and how they fit snugly with your study's purpose. This decision is the backbone of your research, so choose wisely.

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André Luis C Ramalho, MD MBA DrPH PhD

Médico Mestre e Doutor em Saúde Pública | Executivo de Servi?os de Saúde | Pesquisador e Professor | Editor Científico
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When selecting your research approach and design, consider using innovative methodologies like gamification to engage participants, especially in behavioural studies. Incorporating virtual or augmented reality can offer immersive experiences for experimental designs. For qualitative research, think about (digital) ethnography to explore (online) communities and social media trends. Additionally, leverage big data analytics in mixed methods research for comprehensive insights. These unconventional approaches can significantly enhance the appeal and relevance of your proposal, showing a commitment to cutting-edge research techniques while maintaining scientific rigor and relevance to your study's objectives.

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3 Select your sampling and data collection methods

The third step is to select your sampling and data collection methods, based on the population and data sources you want to study. Your sampling method can be probability or non-probability, depending on whether you want to generalize your findings to a larger population or focus on a specific group or context. Your data collection methods can be surveys, interviews, observations, experiments, or secondary data, depending on the type and quality of data you need. You should describe the criteria and procedures for selecting your sample and collecting your data, and how they ensure validity and reliability.

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4 Plan your data analysis and interpretation methods

The fourth step is to plan your data analysis and interpretation methods, based on the type and format of data you have collected. Your data analysis methods can be descriptive, inferential, or exploratory, depending on whether you want to summarize, test, or discover patterns in your data. Your data interpretation methods can be deductive, inductive, or abductive, depending on whether you want to confirm, generate, or infer theories from your data. You should explain the tools and techniques for analyzing and interpreting your data, and how they answer your research question and objectives.

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5 Anticipate your ethical and practical issues

The final step is to anticipate your ethical and practical issues, and how you will address them in your research design. Ethical issues are related to the protection of human or animal subjects, the informed consent, the confidentiality, the privacy, and the integrity of your research. Practical issues are related to the feasibility, the cost, the time, the resources, and the risks of your research. You should identify the potential ethical and practical issues that may arise in your study, and how you will minimize or resolve them, following the ethical guidelines and standards of your field and the funding agency.

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6 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Dr. Maria Eleonora Sciubba

☆Funding Expert ☆ Senior Researcher Interactional Linguistics ☆ Ethnomethodology, Emotions, Swe☆ring, Racism, Gender and Social Justice☆ Project Designer and Evaluator ☆
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In the introduction to the research proposal try to connect with the evaluator by sharing why you want to research that particular topic. Why you took an interest in the subject. You can also share an anecdote (personal or already known to the general public) to draw the reader into the particular storytelling you chose.

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How can you create a realistic research design for your grant proposal?

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1 Identify your research question and objectives

2 Choose your research approach and design

3 Select your sampling and data collection methods

4 Plan your data analysis and interpretation methods

5 Anticipate your ethical and practical issues

6 Here’s what else to consider

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