The compatibility of the materials with the soil, the environment, and the design is another factor to consider when choosing materials for a retaining wall. The soil type, moisture content, pH level, and organic matter can affect the stability and durability of the materials. For example, clayey soils may expand or shrink depending on the water content, which can cause cracking or movement of the retaining wall. Acidic soils may corrode or deteriorate some materials, such as steel or concrete. Organic soils may decompose or decay some materials, such as timber or gabions. The environment factors, such as temperature, humidity, precipitation, and exposure to sunlight, can also affect the performance and appearance of the materials. For example, high temperatures may cause thermal expansion or contraction of the materials, which can lead to cracking or warping. High humidity or precipitation may cause moisture absorption or infiltration of the materials, which can lead to swelling or rotting. Exposure to sunlight may cause fading or discoloration of the materials. The design factors, such as the height, shape, slope, and drainage of the retaining wall, can also influence the selection of the materials. For example, higher retaining walls may require stronger and stiffer materials to resist the higher lateral pressure. Curved or irregular shaped retaining walls may require more flexible and adaptable materials to fit the contour. Steeper retaining walls may require more frictional and porous materials to prevent sliding or seepage. Proper drainage systems may be needed to reduce the hydrostatic pressure and prevent water damage to the materials.
Choosing materials for a retaining wall that can withstand lateral pressure is not a simple task. It requires careful consideration of the material types, properties, compatibility, and other factors. By understanding these factors, you can make informed decisions and select the best materials for your retaining wall project.