How can you analyze solar radiation with GIS?

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Solar radiation is the amount of energy that reaches the earth's surface from the sun. It varies depending on factors such as latitude, elevation, season, time of day, cloud cover, and atmospheric conditions. Analyzing solar radiation can help you understand the potential and limitations of solar energy, the effects of climate change, and the distribution of vegetation and wildlife habitats. In this article, you will learn how to use geographic information systems (GIS) to perform solar radiation analysis with spatial data and tools.

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John Moutafis

Senior Software Engineer at eShare

1 What is GIS?

GIS is a system that allows you to store, manipulate, analyze, and visualize spatial data. Spatial data are data that have a geographic location, such as coordinates, addresses, boundaries, or features. GIS can help you explore the spatial patterns and relationships of different phenomena, such as solar radiation and land use. GIS can also help you model and simulate scenarios, such as the impact of solar panels on the local environment.

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nagesh 1000

software developer
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Latitude effect of cosmic rays. Equator has more solar cosmic rays and reduces as you move towards poles. whereas galactic cosmic rays maximum at poles, reduces as you move towards poles. This is earth birth story. At time of earth formation what ever intense neutron flux or gamma ray burst earth received lattice structures formed. Then volcano cycles further created lattice structures by latitude specific cosmic ray dose. Then earth took shape by interaction of solar and galactic cosmic ray flux. Now earth is at equilibrium compared to birth lakhs of years ago. Have stable shape. In essence earth is multi vibration or multi lattice structure put together. One thing i have seen is earth magnetic field consistent with latitude.

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2 How to prepare spatial data for solar radiation analysis?

Before you can analyze solar radiation with GIS, you need to prepare your spatial data. You need two types of data: a digital elevation model (DEM) and a land cover map. A DEM is a raster data set that represents the elevation of the terrain. A land cover map is a vector or raster data set that shows the types of land cover, such as forest, grassland, water, or urban. You can obtain these data from various sources, such as satellite imagery, aerial photography, or field surveys. You need to make sure that your data are in the same coordinate system, projection, and resolution, and that they cover the same extent and time period.

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John Moutafis

Senior Software Engineer at eShare
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We can also produce a localized DEM from a 3D-points cloud with any modern GIS platform (ex. QGIS, ArcGIS) or with scripting (ex. with Python). There is a caveat that needs some attention: - If the point cloud represents a regular grid, the DEM creation is straightforward. - If the points are in irregular intervals (ex. from a field survey), an interpolated grid must be created to result in an accurate DEM.

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3 How to calculate solar radiation with GIS?

To calculate solar radiation with GIS, you need to use a tool that can perform the necessary calculations based on the DEM and the land cover map. There are different tools available for different GIS software, such as ArcGIS, QGIS, or GRASS GIS. For example, in ArcGIS, you can use the Solar Radiation Analysis toolbox, which includes tools such as Area Solar Radiation, Point Solar Radiation, and Solar Radiation Graphics. These tools can help you calculate the amount of solar radiation received by each cell or point in your data set, as well as the duration and angle of sun exposure. You can also specify the time period, the sky model, and the atmospheric parameters for your analysis.

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Manuel Luna Rosas

Business Relationship Expert | PayPal
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Calculating solar radiation with GIS involves utilizing spatial analysis tools and solar radiation models to estimate the amount of solar energy received at different locations on the Earth's surface. One commonly used method involves the use of solar radiation models, such as the Solar Analyst, the Radiation model in ArcGIS, or other specialized tools. Remember that accurate solar radiation calculations depend on various factors, including atmospheric conditions, local topography, and shading. It's essential to understand the limitations and assumptions of the chosen method and validate the results when possible.

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4 How to visualize solar radiation with GIS?

To visualize solar radiation with GIS, you need to use a tool that can create maps, charts, or graphs based on the output of the solar radiation calculation. You can use the same GIS software that you used for the calculation, or you can export the output to another software, such as Excel, R, or Python. For example, in ArcGIS, you can use the Solar Radiation Graphics tool to create maps that show the solar radiation distribution, the sun map, or the sky map. You can also use the symbology, layout, and export options to customize your maps.

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5 How to interpret solar radiation with GIS?

To interpret solar radiation with GIS, you need to use a tool that can perform statistical or spatial analysis based on the output of the solar radiation calculation and visualization. You can use the same GIS software that you used for the calculation and visualization, or you can export the output to another software, such as Excel, R, or Python. For example, in ArcGIS, you can use the Spatial Analyst toolbox, which includes tools such as Zonal Statistics, Extract by Mask, or Raster Calculator. These tools can help you summarize, compare, or manipulate the solar radiation values for different zones, regions, or features. You can also use the chart, table, or report options to display your results.

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6 How to apply solar radiation analysis with GIS?

To apply solar radiation analysis with GIS, you need to use a tool that can answer specific questions or solve specific problems related to solar radiation. You could use the same GIS software for calculation, visualization, and interpretation, or export the output to another software like Excel, R, or Python. For example, in ArcGIS, you can use the Model Builder or Python window to create workflows or scripts that automate your analysis. Geoprocessing, sharing, and publishing options can also be used to run your analysis on different platforms or devices. The applications of solar radiation analysis with GIS include assessing the potential and feasibility of solar energy projects, evaluating environmental and social impacts of such projects, mapping solar radiation exposure and risk for human health and ecosystems, as well as monitoring and predicting changes in solar radiation due to climate change.

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7 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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How can you analyze solar radiation with GIS?

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1 What is GIS?

2 How to prepare spatial data for solar radiation analysis?

3 How to calculate solar radiation with GIS?

4 How to visualize solar radiation with GIS?

5 How to interpret solar radiation with GIS?

6 How to apply solar radiation analysis with GIS?

7 Here’s what else to consider

Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

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How can you analyze solar radiation with GIS?

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1 What is GIS?

2 How to prepare spatial data for solar radiation analysis?

3 How to calculate solar radiation with GIS?

4 How to visualize solar radiation with GIS?

5 How to interpret solar radiation with GIS?

6 How to apply solar radiation analysis with GIS?

7 Here’s what else to consider

Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

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