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Last updated on 2024年10月9日

How can environmental engineers use biotechnology to treat wastewater?

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Environmental engineering and biotechnology are two fields that can work together to solve some of the most pressing environmental challenges. One of these challenges is wastewater treatment, which involves removing pollutants and contaminants from water sources. In this article, you will learn how environmental engineers use biotechnology to treat wastewater and what benefits it can bring.

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1 What is biotechnology?

Biotechnology is the use of living organisms or their products to perform specific tasks or processes. It can be applied to various domains, such as medicine, agriculture, and industry. Biotechnology can also be used to improve environmental quality and sustainability. For example, biotechnology can help create biofuels, biodegradable plastics, and bioremediation agents.

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Herón Navarrete Euán

Business Development | Omics Data Analysis | Quality Assurance | Biotechnology | Environmental Science
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La biotecnología es el uso de la maquinaria biológica de sistemas vivos como bacterias, hongos, células que pueden ser unicelular o pluricelular con la finalidad de obtener un producto deseado con un valor agregado, usualmente en forma de enzimas, para diversas industrias, principalmente la farmacéutica o de alimentos. También puede ser útil en la industria para el tratamiento de residuos así como la fabricación de metabolitos como pigmentos, detergentes, cosméticos con la finalidad de emplear métodos de producción que supongan un menor impacto al ambiente.

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2 How does biotechnology help wastewater treatment?

Wastewater treatment is the process of converting wastewater into a usable or safe form. It typically involves physical, chemical, and biological methods to reduce solids, organic matter, nutrients, pathogens, and toxic substances. Biotechnology can be used to enhance the biological methods of wastewater treatment by introducing microorganisms, enzymes, or plants to degrade pollutants. For instance, activated sludge is a popular biological method that uses a combination of microorganisms and oxygen to break down organic matter and nutrients in wastewater. The microorganisms are then removed from the treated water by sedimentation or filtration. Additionally, anaerobic digestion is another biological method that uses bacteria without oxygen to convert organic matter into biogas. This process reduces sludge volume and greenhouse gas emissions. Lastly, phytoremediation is a biological method that uses plants to absorb and degrade pollutants in wastewater. Plants can also provide oxygen, shade, and habitat for aquatic life. Phytoremediation can be used for wetlands, ponds, or constructed wetlands.

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Nadia Szeinbaum

Senior Scientist @ Beyond Meat | Microbiology & Molecular Biology, Innovation | Wellness instructor
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Activated sludge is not a method but the result of the activity of microorganisms that metabolize waste in wastewater, as some of this substrate gets converted into biomass. The anaerobic process results in less sludge mass compared to the aerobic process, but can produce gasses with higher greenhouse impact such as methane.

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Wayne Feng

PhD, PE | Environment | Wastewater | Energy | Engineering
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It is better to state: "For instance, activated sludge is a popular biological method that uses a combination of microorganisms and oxygen to break down organic matter and remove nutrients in wastewater." Note: There are variety of other forms of treatment processes might worth mentioning.

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3 What are the benefits of biotechnology for wastewater treatment?

Biotechnology can offer a wide range of advantages for wastewater treatment, such as decreasing energy consumption and costs, improving water quality and reuse, and protecting the environment and human health. Biotechnology can reduce the need for mechanical or chemical inputs and boost biogas production, which can be used as a fuel or electricity source. It can also help remove pollutants and pathogens from wastewater, while preventing the discharge of untreated or poorly treated wastewater into water bodies, which can cause water pollution, eutrophication, disease outbreaks, and biodiversity loss. Furthermore, it can produce water that can be reused for a variety of purposes.

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Jahangeer -

Assistant Professor Research
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Biotechnology promotes biological treatment of wastewater is cost effective and sustainable. Furthermore engineered biological agents enhance the pollutant removal rate from wastewater and help in the maintaining the water quality of the discharge.

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Wayne Feng

PhD, PE | Environment | Wastewater | Energy | Engineering
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Mature technology, wide applicability, low cost, high capacity, and easy operation are probably the benefits over other technologies.

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4 What are the challenges of biotechnology for wastewater treatment?

Biotechnology is not without its challenges when it comes to wastewater treatment. For example, it is important to monitor and control the biological processes to ensure optimal performance and stability. Additionally, biotechnology can produce biosolids and biowastes that need to be disposed of or reused safely. Moreover, ethical and social issues may arise, such as the use of genetically modified organisms, the ownership and regulation of biotechnological innovations, and the public perception and acceptance of biotechnology.

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Wayne Feng

PhD, PE | Environment | Wastewater | Energy | Engineering
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Additional thoughts: Requires stable and continuous influent flow and quality; Does not work to treat non-biodegradable or toxic compounds; Can not operate under extreme environmental conditions not suitable for biological growth; Normally requires more land than other physical or chemical processes.

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5 How can you learn more about biotechnology for wastewater treatment?

If you are interested in learning more about biotechnology for wastewater treatment, you can read books, journals, or online articles to keep up with the latest developments and trends. Additionally, enrolling in courses or programs that offer environmental engineering and biotechnology education and training can be beneficial. Joining professional associations or networks that connect environmental engineers and biotechnologists is also a great way to collaborate and exchange knowledge.

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Wayne Feng

PhD, PE | Environment | Wastewater | Energy | Engineering
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The following can also be added: Touring a public wastewater treatment plant; Interviewing environmental engineers or professors.

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6 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?

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Heidi Geiger

Retired Division Manager at San José Fire Department
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Talks a lot about biotechnology but not much detail on how it is different from current wastewater treatments systems and applications. Isn’t wastewater treatment already biotechnology? So much work needed I guess AI is just a starter still need Engineers.

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How can environmental engineers use biotechnology to treat wastewater?

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6

1 What is biotechnology?

2 How does biotechnology help wastewater treatment?

3 What are the benefits of biotechnology for wastewater treatment?

4 What are the challenges of biotechnology for wastewater treatment?

5 How can you learn more about biotechnology for wastewater treatment?

6 Here’s what else to consider

Environmental Engineering

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How can environmental engineers use biotechnology to treat wastewater?

1

2

3

4

5

6

1 What is biotechnology?

2 How does biotechnology help wastewater treatment?

3 What are the benefits of biotechnology for wastewater treatment?

4 What are the challenges of biotechnology for wastewater treatment?

5 How can you learn more about biotechnology for wastewater treatment?

6 Here’s what else to consider

Environmental Engineering

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