Facility management is a complex and dynamic process that involves planning, operating, maintaining, and improving the performance of buildings and infrastructure. To achieve optimal results, facility managers need to have access to accurate, comprehensive, and up-to-date information about the physical and functional characteristics of their assets. This is where 6D modeling can help.
6D modeling is an extension of building information modeling (BIM), which is a digital representation of the physical and functional aspects of a building or infrastructure project. BIM can be divided into different dimensions, each adding more information and value to the model. 6D modeling refers to the integration of facility management data into the BIM model, such as lifecycle costs, energy consumption, maintenance schedules, warranties, and operational manuals. 6D modeling enables facility managers to access and analyze this data throughout the lifecycle of the asset, from design to demolition.
El modelo 6D de un edificio es el que se realiza para generar simulaciones para evaluar el rendimiento energético del edificio. La optimización de un edificio en sus aspectos de consumo energético afecta muy fuertemente a las instalaciones xq permite minimizar el consumo energético de ellas, resultando en instalaciones generalmente de menor porte y consecuentemente de menor impacto a la hora de resolver la coordinación de las instalaciones. La evaluación de rendimiento energético debe realizarse en etapa temprana de dise?o y por eso no solo genera información útil a la hora de dise?ar las instalaciones, sino también para lo que hace al dise?o de la morfología general del edificio y a la resolución técnica y morfológica de sus envolventes.
6D modeling can improve facility management in several ways, such as enhancing decision-making by providing reliable and relevant data to support budgeting, scheduling, procurement, maintenance, and renovation decisions. It can also improve efficiency by streamlining communication and coordination between facility managers and other stakeholders, reducing errors, conflicts, and delays. Additionally, 6D modeling can optimize performance by integrating sensors and smart devices into the BIM model and collecting and analyzing data on energy consumption, environmental conditions, occupancy, and user feedback. This helps optimize the energy efficiency, comfort, safety, and satisfaction of the asset.
El modelo 6D no apunta especificamente a la mejora de la gestión de las instalaciones. Está más enfocado a la optimización del rendimiento energético del edificio. Es decir a lograr las mejores condiciones de confort con el menor gasto de energía.
6D modeling offers many benefits, but facility managers need to overcome some challenges to take full advantage of it. Such challenges include data quality, integration, and utilization. Data quality needs to be complete, consistent, reliable, and updatable to meet the project and organizational standards. Furthermore, data integration requires compatibility, interoperability, and accessibility with a common language and format. Additionally, data utilization requires facility managers to have the skills, tools, and methods to extract, visualize, and communicate the data for actionable insights and recommendations. Managing data security, privacy, and ownership issues is also important to comply with relevant regulations and policies.
Comenzaré por recordarles que los programas y los modelos que utilizamos dentro de la metodología BIM no son más que facilitadores para que realicemos nuestro trabajo de una manera más rápida, sencilla y efectiva. Estando esto claro, debería quedar claro también que una persona que no tiene muy claro que es un análisis de rendimiento energético, ni conoce en profundidad sus conceptos principales no puede hacer un 6D que sirva para algo. Tal vez las IAs nos resuelvan estos temas en el futuro (cercano?) pero de momento, el mayor reto es saber sobre simulaciones para rendimiento energético, del mismo modo que una persona no puede hacer un buen modelo de arquitectura si no es un arquitecto.
6D modeling is not a one-size-fits-all solution, and facility managers need to adapt it to their specific needs and goals. To successfully adopt 6D modeling, facility managers should define the scope and objectives of the project, identify key performance indicators, select the appropriate level of detail and granularity of the data, define roles and responsibilities of stakeholders, choose suitable software and hardware platforms, and train and educate staff and users on the benefits and challenges of 6D modeling. Furthermore, they should determine data sources, formats, protocols for data collection, exchange, and management, as well as ensure compatibility, functionality, usability of platforms. Finally, they should provide necessary support and guidance to staff and users.
6D modeling is an evolving and innovative practice, and facility managers can expect to see some future trends that will enhance its potential and value. Artificial intelligence can automate and optimize the data analysis and decision-making processes, providing more accurate, timely, and personalized recommendations and solutions. Augmented reality can help visualize and interact with the data in a more immersive and intuitive way, while Internet of things can connect and integrate more sensors and devices into the BIM model, yielding more data and control on the performance and behavior of the asset.
Creo que este artículo está confundiendo 6D (rendimiento energético) con 7D (operación y mantenimiento). Para hacer un 6D que sirva de algo no basta con saber utilizar el software. Se requieren conocimientos específicos de evaluación de rendimeinto energético.